Short answers, myth

symbiosis and separation/individuation

When a baby is born, when the mother is not there and they have to desire things and go through the painful process of living without the mother 

What happens to their children?

 Kronos eats Zeus’s siblings in fear of his children overtaking him. 

Basic differences between the Iliad and the Odyssey

 The Iliad is tragedy of war, the Odyssey is the effects of the Trojan war and the hero finding his way home

What is the historical period that the Odyssey describes?

The historical period of the Odyssey is set in the aftermath of the Trojan War, reflecting the Late Bronze Age in ancient Greece.

Know the basic myth of the Trojan War and its beginnings.

The myth of the Trojan War begins with the judgment of Paris, where he chooses Aphrodite as the fairest goddess, leading to the abduction of Helen and the subsequent conflict between the Greeks and Trojans.

What is the difference between a folk tale and myth?

Myth and folktale is traditional tale, myth is connected to religion and explanation, and folktale is just a tale

What is the difference between myth and religion?

 Religion is presently practiced and myth is in the past

The Golden Age

A time of peace where

Silver Age

a decline in virtue and morality, following the Golden Age, characterized by increased conflict and hardship.

Bronze Age

Increased violence and warfare

Iron Age

The worst of the four ages, corruption everywhere

What ritual must they perform to enter and speak with the dead?

Odysseus performs a blood sacrifice to summon the dead, following Circe’s instructions.

Who does he meet there?

Odysseus meets several spirits, including the prophet Tiresias, his mother Anticlea, and various fallen comrades.

What does Teiresias tell him?

Teiresias warns Odysseus about the dangers he will face on his journey home, advises him on how to appease Poseidon, and reveals the fate of his men and warns him about the cattle

What Trojan heroes does he meet, and what do they tell him?

Odysseus meets fallen Trojan heroes such as Agamemnon and Achilles, who share their experiences of death and the afterlife, as well as advice on valor and the burdens of leadership and Ajax remains silent in anger.

What does Herakles say?

 Appears as a shade, symbolizing the divide between mortal heroes and divine immortality.

What is the first song Demodokos sing

The quarrel between Odysseus and Achilles

What is the second song Demodokos sing

The affair between Ares and Aphrodite

What is the third song Demodokos sing

The sack of Troy ad the Trojan horse

Ritual School of myth

examining myth to describe rituals of a culture

Chater Myth

Studies social world

Psychoanalytic

reads myth as representative of thoughts and expression of urges

Structuralist

reading myth with a tension to how it structures the world

Allegory

Aitiology/ aetiology

reading myth with attention that explains the natural world, cause

Allegory

-Literal meaning

-figurative/moral meaning

historical meaning