human geo

Geography

Location of important places that explains why human activities are located beside each other

Latitude

Climate zones using the distance from the equator , uses North and south but measures horizontally

Longitude

Direction but also telling time, vertical lines but uses east and west, distance from Prime Meridian, Greenwich,England

Toponym

The name given to a portion of earths surface

Globalization

Shrinks the world so that global feels local ex iPhones, year round markets

Distribution

The spread of a feature in space

Density

The Frequency something occurs

Space time compression

More and more rapid connections reduce the distance across space between places

Sustainability

Using earths resources so that there will still be resources in the future

Spatial analysis

The spread of human and physical phenomena on the earths surface

Time zones

Every 15 degrees changes 1 hour, 180 degrees=international date line, longitude (west is going back in time and east is going forward in time),

Expansion diffusion

Spread of an idea through a population that is continuously growing larger ex iPhones, Islam

Concentration distribution

The extent of a feature spread over space

Homogenous

= Formal/ Uniform region ( official boundary)

Functional/Nodal region

An area organized around a node or focal point that provides a specific service ex. News stations, pizza delivery, school zones, Radio towers

Vernacular/perceptual region

Unofficial boundary, it exists in people’s heads but isn’t an actual thing ex Wild West, the ghetto, Muslim world, Bible Belt

Mercator projection

1569 used for ship navigation, HEAVY DISTORTION AT POLES, places look much larger than they are, MOST COMMON MAP (looks flat and spread out as a rectangle)

Robinson Projection

1963 land areas are much smaller, stretches the poles ( land area looks long and the map is shapes like a circle with the top and bottom missing

Goofed interrupted homolosine

1923, oceans are interrupted, land masses are accurate (WEIRD SQUIGGLE SHAPE, LITTLE BIT OF OCEAN MISSING)

choropleth

Shows statistical data by coloring in or shading certain regions

Dot distribution/density map

Uses a dot symbol to show data ( same shaped dots all over the map)

Proportional symbol map

Uses symbols of different size to represent data ( big symbols to represent a lot of something and small symbols to represent little of something)

Cartogram map

Size and shape of countries are altered to show an amount of something ( some countries look long others look wide etc.)

Demography

Study of how ppl are distributed spatially ( age, gender, occupation, fertility)

Crude birth rate

Total number of live births in a year for every 1000 ppl

Crude death rate

Total number of deaths in a year per 1000 ppl

Total fertility rate

Number of births based on the average number of children a woman will have in their childbearing years (15-49)

Dependency ratio

Average number of economically dependent ppl per 100 economically productive population

Industrial Revolution

The transition of creating goods by hand to using machines ( factories, manufacturing, stage 2)

Medical revolution

Medical technology invented in Europe and North America diffused to other countries in Latin America, Asia, and Africa

Sex ratio

The number of males per 100 females in the population

Epidemiology

Medical science that studies diseases

Epidemiological transition

Combines studying diseases with the demographic transition model

Demographic transition

How a country’s population growth changes as it transitions from a non industrial to industrial economy

Stage 2 of Demographic transition

High birth rate and low death rate= high NIR, Industrial Revolution, medical revolution, wealth increase= health increase