Solutions and Concentrations

These flashcards cover essential vocabulary related to solutions and concentrations, including definitions of key terms and concepts.

Aqueous Solution

Solution for which water is the solvent.

Avogadro’s Number (NA)

Experimentally determined value of the number of entities comprising 1 mole of substance, equal to 6.022 x 10^23 mol−1.

Concentration

Quantitative measure of the relative amounts of solute and solvent present in a solution.

Dilution

Process of adding solvent to a solution in order to lower the concentration of solutes dissolved.

Empirical Formula Mass

Sum of average atomic masses for all atoms represented in an empirical formula.

Molar Mass

Mass in grams of 1 mole of a substance.

Molarity (M)

Unit of concentration defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in 1 liter of solution.

Parts Per Million (ppm)

Ratio of solute-to-solution mass multiplied by 10^6.

Volume Percentage

Ratio of solute-to-solution volume expressed as a percentage.

Percent Composition

Percentage by mass of the various elements in a compound.

Solute

Solution component present in a concentration less than that of the solvent.

Solvent

Solution component present in a concentration that is higher relative to other components.

Dilution Equation

C1V1 = C2V2, relates concentrations and volumes of a solution before and after dilution.