glossary terms toward modernity

rustication

can be smooth or rough way

manipulation of natural stone

diamond rustication: pyramids stuck on wall

banded rustications: runs along the side of the facade

quoin

blocks in the corner stacked on top of eachother

type of rustication

scagliola/ stucco lustro

fake marble in baroque goes on top of lyme

to save money

avant-corps

part of the building that sticks out of the facade

entryway

middle of the building

hip roof

sloped roof covered on all sides

mansard roof: covered but pitched at the corners (more space)

gambrel roof: has openings on either side mini house

shaped gable

curve

scroll gable

looks like a scroll

piano noblie

largest and most prominant floor of the building

where the windows are largest

the most important floor

corps de logis

middle part which goes higher

attic

top floor, very decorated

placed on top of the entablature of a building

oculus

circular window in the upper part of the building

string course

band stone that runs along the side of the building

also referred to as moulding

lintel

horizontal slab of anything on top

often on top of doors

lunette

half moon element above the door which often contains a relief or a statue

over door

stone relief or sculpture above the door

mascaron

face over the door

meant to ward of the evil that may come into the house

chimera / grotesque

statue of a person or animal which sticks out of the building

gargoyle has a function

cartouche

parchment above a door

rocaille

baroque, represents an element from the sea

always asymmetrical

festoon

decorative plant/ ribbon looks as if its hung from the wall

solomonic column

twisted column, has a capital

baldachin

canopy

pedestal

rectangular slab of stone that columns are sometimes put on

can contain coffers

corbel

s shaped element which helps support the weight of the tablature or the roof

redirects the wight into the wall

modillon

helps redistribute weight into the ground

dentils

under the entablature little teeth

balustrade

makes a barrier on the roof containing balusters

parapet

barrier but for defense

embrasure is a narrow window which is defensive

trompe l oeil

visual continuation of architecture in painting in ceiling

coffered ceiling

squares in the ceiling

spandrel

surface between arches