Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to elements, compounds, mixtures, and various chemical processes.

Element

A pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means.

Compound

A substance formed when two or more elements are chemically bonded together.

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances where each retains its own properties and can be separated by physical means.

Chromatogram

A visual record showing the result of a chromatography experiment, illustrating the separation of components in a mixture.

Rf value

The ratio of the distance travelled by a compound to the distance travelled by the solvent front in chromatography.

Distillation

A separation technique that involves heating a liquid to form vapor, which is then condensed back into liquid to separate components based on boiling points.

Filtration

A method used to separate solids from liquids or gases using a filter.

Crystallisation

A process used to form solid crystals from a solution by evaporation or cooling.

Paper chromatography

A technique used to separate and analyze mixtures of dissolved substances.

Chemical change

A process that results in the formation of new chemical substances.

Physical change

A process that alters the form of a substance but does not change it into another substance.