Intro and Baptism Study Guide

Flashcards about Sacraments based on lecture notes.

Sacrament

Outward, efficacious sign instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church to give grace

Why do we need outward signs in sacraments?

They point to something bigger than itself, and they have symbolism.

What does it mean to say that the sacraments are instituted in Christ?

They're rooted in Christ and are extensions of his ministry

Prime sacrament

Jesus

Universal sacrament

The Church

How is Jesus a sacrament?

He’s the Primordial Sacrament

Grace

Participation in the life of God

Sacramental grace

The fruit of each sacrament that makes us more and more like Jesus and changes your soul

How do the sacraments act as tools?

They’re the tools we need to get to Heaven, and they help us receive grace when we’re open to it

Covenants

Acceptance into the family fold

Contracts

An exchange

How do the Old and New Testaments relate to covenants?

They used to be called the “Old Covenant” and the “New Covenant”

Original word used for sacraments

Mysteries

Donatism

A heresy that said any sacrament preformed by an unholy priest became invalid. A proper understanding of the sacraments refutes donatism because the ministers are just instruments of God

How does Aquinas clarify the sacraments?

Clarified that the wanted cause, and that your openness to receiving that is what gives you grace

Nominalism

Heresy that says only the bible is uncorrupted. Lutherans follow this

Who finally spelled the 7 sacraments?

Peter Lombard

What Council formally declared the 7 sacraments?

Council of Florence in 1439, then reaffirmed by the Council of Trent in 1545-1564

Sacraments of initiation

Baptism, First Communion, and Confirmation

Sacraments of service

Marriage and Holy Orders

Sacraments of healing

Anointing of the sick and Reconcilation

How does Jesus act in the sacraments?

He’s alive and present in the sacraments as he establishes the sacraments through his ministry

How do the sacraments change our everyday life?

They allow us to recognize and incorporate grace in 5 ways

5 ways the sacraments change our everyday life.

Make us holy, build up the body of christ, allow us to worship god fully, heal us, nourish and strengthen our faith

Do the sacraments preserve us from suffering?

They allow us to overcome temptations and find the meaning and joy in suffering

How do we work with God’s grace

We open ourselves up to it and act on it

Why baptism is the basis of Christian life

Gateway sacrament

What Baptism does

We become neophyte (new creature), removes our original sin, gives us sanctifying grace, indelible signs, sharer in the priesthood, actual grace, gifts of the HS, entry into body of Christ, adoption by God, and entry in Heaven

How does Baptism connect with our identity?

It’s our fundamental identity, and helps us know ourselves fervently

Significance of water

We are naturally tied to water, water is the sustainer of life

Baptism comes from…

Baptizo, and the essenes and their ritual washings for repentance

Difference between the baptism given by John and Jesus

John’s baptisms were for repentance and Jesus’ baptisms were the actual thing

Why Jesus is baptized.

To show us this is a sacrament we need to receive

What follows Jesus’ baptism (and why)?

The forty days/nights in the desert – this was to resist satan’s three temptations

Necessity of Baptism for Salvation (in the Catechism)

God has bound salvation to baptism, but He is not bound to the sacraments

How do concupiscence and original sin relate to baptism?

Concupiscence is our inclination to evil, which stems from our original sin. When we get baptized, our original sin is washed away, but our concupiscence is not.

Baptism makes us …. And is the beginning of our…. Life

Neophyte/new creation …. Eternal life

What is the indelible mark of baptism?

A mark on our soul that says we belong to Jesus

What is the matter of baptism and why?

Water – water is a cleansing purity of life

What is the form of baptism, and who first said these words?

“I baptize you in the name of the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Spirit.” -Jesus

What is essential for a valid baptism?

Proper form, matter, and minister

Who is the ordinary minister of baptism, and who can baptize in case of an emergency?

Bishops priests or deacons, or anybody in a crisis

Who usually receives baptism?

Infants

Creation Baptism Type

Starts with water and spirit

Flood Baptism Type

Washes away human sin and cleanses the world, HS finds new life as a dove

Circumcision Baptism Type

Represents new life, birth, and parent (God) – after circumcision

Exodus Baptism Type

They pass through the Red Sea (water) to get to Promised Land (Heaven)

Purification Baptism Type

Purification ritual with water, precursor to Baptism

How is the trinity involved in Baptism?

Jesus is baptized, God declares sonship, and HS appears as a God

How does baptism relate to John the Baptist?

John was doing a purification/repentance form of early baptism, and Jesus is correctly showing the first baptism

What is the prototype of Christian baptism?

The purification ritual performed by the Essenes in the Quamram community

What theme is addressed in all 4 gospels?

Sonship

What is Jesus’ command about baptism?

Go out and baptize in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit

What is the ultimate result, to all of human history, of original sin?

“the sin of the world”

Why does Adam’s sin result in the baptism of infants?

Because it affected human nature and now it is passed down

How does Adam’s personal sin become original sin?

Affected human nature (removal of O.G holiness and justice)

Original Sin is …. And not …..

Contracted and not commited

Original sin is the deprivation of what?

Og holiness and justice

What is concupiscence?

The inclination to do evil