IMMUNOSERO

WHO WAS ABLE TO PREVENT INFECTION WITH SMALLPOX BY INJECTING A MORE HARMLESS SUBSTANCE, COWPOX (PHENOMENA OF CROSS IMMUNITY)

EDWARD JENNER

HE IS CONSIDERED AS THE FATHER OF IMMUNOLOGY. HE DISCOVERED THE FIRST ATTENUATED VACCINE FOR CHOLERA AND ANTHRAX

LOUIS PASTEUR

HE CONTRIBUTED THE SERUM ANTITOXINS KNOWN FOR HIS THEORY OF HUMORAL IMMUNITY

EMIL VON BEHRING

HE CONTRIBUTED THE CELLULAR IMMUNITY TO TB

ROBERT KOCH

HIS CONTRIBUTION IS “PHAGOCYTOSIS”

ELIE METCHNIKOFF

HIS CONTRIBUTION IS HUMAN BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS

KARL LANDSTEINER

CONTRIBUTED THE STRUCTURE OF ANTIBODIES

GERALD EDELMAN AND RODNEY PORTER

CONTRIBUTED RADIOIMMUNOASSAY

ROSALYN YALOW

CONTRIBUTED MONOCLONAL ANTIBODY

GEORGES KOHLER AND CESAR MILSTEIN

CONTRIBUTED ANTIBODY DIVERSITY

SUSUMU TONEGAWA

CONTRIBUTED OPSONIN

ALMROTH WRIGHT

CONTRIBUTED T CELL RECEPTOR GENE IN 1984

TAK WAH MAK AND MARK DAVIS

HE DISCOVERED THE ABO BLOOD GROUP IN THE YEAR 1901

KARL LANDSTEINER

HE CONDUCTED THE MOST FAMOUS STUDY OF HAPTENS

KARL LANDSTEINER

WHAT BOOK DID KARL LANDSTEINER PUBLISHED IN THE YEAR 1917?

THE SPECIFICITY OF SEROLOGICAL REACTIONS

INNATE IMMUNITY

A. NATURAL IMMUNITY

B. ACQUIRED IMMUNITY

A

ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

A. NATURAL IMMUNITY

B. ACQUIRED IMMUNITY

B

INNATE OR ADAPTIVE.

ABLE TO RESIST INFECTION BY MEANS OF NORMALLY PRESENT BODY FUNCTIONS

INNATE

INNATE OR ADAPTIVE.

LACKS MEMORY AND SPECIFICITY

INNATE

INNATE OR ADAPTIVE.

DOES NOT REQUIRE PRIOR EXPOSURE

INNATE

INNATE OR ADAPTIVE.

CHARACTERIZED BY SPECIFICITY FOR EACH INDIVIDUAL PATHOGEN

ADAPTIVE

INNATE OR ADAPTIVE.

HAS MEMORY AND SPECIFICITY

ADAPTIVE

INNATE OR ADAPTIVE.

INCREASED RESPONSE TO A PATHOGEN UPON REPEATED EXPOSURE

ADAPTIVE

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM WHICH IS ALSO THR KEY CELLS OF INNATE IMMUNITY

PHAGOCYTIC CELLS

FIRST RESPONDER TO INFECTION

NEUTROPHILS

WHICH CELLS CAUSES PHAGOCYTOSIS?

MONOCYTE, MACROPHAGE, EOSINOPHILS, NEUTROPHILS

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT KILLS PARASITES

EOSINOPHILS

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT NEUTRALIZES BASOPHILS AND MAST CELLS; REGULATES MAST CELLS

EOSINOPHILS

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT INDUCE AND MAINTAIN ALLERGIC REACTIONS; STIMULATES THE PRODUCTION OF IGE

BASOPHILS

WHAT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF EOSINOPHILS?

IMMUNOREGULATION AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT MIGRATES TO TISSUE TO BECOME MACROPHAGE

MONOCYTES

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT KILLS INTRACELLULAR PARASITES; TUMORICIDAL; ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL

MACROPHAGE

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT ARE SEEN IN CHRONIC INFECTION

MONOCYTE AND MACROPHAGE

CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT ARE SEEN IN ACUTE INFECTION

NEUTROPHILS

CELLS OF AN INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM BUT IS NOT A TRUE LEUKOCYTE

MAST CELLS

THESE CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM RESEMBLES BASOPHILS; ALLERGIC REACTION; ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS; ENHANCE AND SUPPRESS THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE

MAST CELLS

THE CELLS OF THE INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT IS THE MOST POTENT PHAGOCYTIC CELL AND MOST EFFECTIVE ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELL

DENDRITIC CELLS

KEY CELL OF THE ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE

LYMPHOCYTES

THREE TYPES OF LYMPHOCYTES IN ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM

T CELLS, B CELLS, NK CELLS

LYMPHOCYTE THAT IS 60-80% IN OUR BODY

T CELLS

LYMPHOCYTE THAT IS 10-20% IN OUR BODY

B CELLS

LYMPHOCYTE THAT IS 10-15% IN OUR BODY

NK CELLS

CELLS THAT PRODUCE CYTOKINES

T CELLS

CELLS THAT PRODUCE ANTIBODIES

B CELLS

THE ONLY LYMPHOCYTE THAT IS ONLY INVOLVED IN INNATE IMMUNITY

NK CELLS

THESE ARE TYPES OF PROTEINS FOUND ON CELL SURFACES THAT CAN BE USED FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC CELL LINES AND STAGES

CLUSTERS OF DIFFERENTIATION

WHAT IS THE TEST USED FOR SURFACE MARKERS ON T, B, NK CELLS

FLOW CYTOMETRY

GOLD STANDARD TEST IN ELIMINATING LYMPHOCYTES

FLOW CYTOMETRY

SURFACE MARKER THAT IS AN E-ROSETTE RECEPTOR, AN EXTREMELY BROAD T CELL MARKER

CD2

SURFACE MARKER THAT IS FOUND ON ALL T CELLS; ASSOCIATED WITH T-CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR

CD3

SURFACE MARKER THAT IDENTIFIES T HELPER CELLS; ALSO FOUND ON MOST T REGULATORY CELLS

CD4

SURFACE MARKER THAT IDENTIFIES CYTOTOXIC T CELLS

CD8

SURFACE MARKER THAT IS A MARKER OF RECENT T CELL ACTIVATION AND EFFECTOR T CELL FUNCTION

CD25

SURFACE MARKER THAT IS FOUND IN NK CELLS, MACROPHAGES, AND NEUTROPHILS

CD16

SURFACE MARKER THAT IS FOUND ON NK CELLS, SUBSETS OF T CELLS

CD56

FOUND ON B CELLS AND FOLLICULAR DENDRITIC CELLS

CD19 AND CD21

CD4 (+)

CD25 (-)

T HELPER CELLS

CD4 (+)

CD25 (+)

T REGULATORY CELLS

HUMORAL COMPONENTS OF INNATE

COMPLEMENT, INTERFERON, LYSOZYME, NATURAL ANTIMICROBIAL SUBSTANCES

HUMORAL COMPONENTS OF ADAPTIVE

LYMPHOKINES AND ANTIBODIES

PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGAN ARE?

THYMUS AND BONE MARROW

WHERE DOES MATURATION OF THE T CELLS HAPPEN?

THYMUS

THIS IS WHERE THE PRODUCTION OF HEMATOPOIETIC STEM CELLS; MATURATION OF B AND NK CELLS

BONE MARROW

ANTIGEN INDEPENDENT MATURATION

A. PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGAN

B. SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGAN

A

ORGANS OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM THAT FILTERS THE BLOOD

SPLEEN

THESE ARE PLACES WHERE CONTACT BETWEEN T CELLS, B CELLS, AND ANTIGENS OCCURS

LYMPH NODES, MALT, AND CALT

ANTIGEN DEPENDENT MATURATION

A. PRIMARY LYMPHOID ORGAN

B. SECONDARY LYMPHOID ORGAN

B

SUBSTANCES THAT REACT WITH AN ANTIBODY OR SENSITIZED T CELLS

ANTIGEN

THIS MAY NOT BE ABLE TO EVOKE AN IMMUNE RESPONSE

ANTIGEN

SUBSTANCES CAPABLE OF TRIGGERING ADAPTIVE IMMUNE RESPONSE

IMMUNOGEN

WHICH IS CORRECT?

A. ALL IMMUNOGENS ARE ANTIGENS, BUT NOT ALL ANTIGENS ARE IMMUNOGENS

B. ALL ANTIGENS ARE IMMUNOGENS, BUT NOT ALL IMMUNOGENS ARE ANTIGENS

A

IMMUNOGENS SHOULD HAVE A MINIMUM MOLECULAR WEIGHT OF HOW MUCH DALTONS?

10,000 DALTONS

MOST EFFECTIVE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF IMMUNOGEN?

PROTEINS (1ST), POLYSACCHARIDES (2ND)

THESE ARE NONIMMUNOGENIC THEMSELVES

A. PURE LIPIDS

B. NUCLEIC ACIDS

C. PROTEINS

D. POLYSACCHARIDES

E. A AND B

F. C AND D

G. AOTA

E

IF AN ANTIGEN CANNOT BE DEGRADED AND PRESENTED WITH MHC MOLECULES, THEN IT WOULD BE A?

A. POOR IMMUNOGEN

B. EXCELLENT IMMUNOGEN

A

PART OF AN ANTIGEN

EPITOPE

PART OF AN ANTIBODY

PARATOPE

KEY PORTION OF IMMUNOGEN

EPITOPE

EPITOPE IS ALSO KNOWN AS?

DETERMINANT SITE

NONIMMUNOLOGIC MATERIALS THAT, WHEN COMBINED WITH A CARRIER, CREATE NEW ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS (AND CAN THEREFORE PROVOKE AN IMMUNE RESPONSE)

HAPTENS

SUBSTANCES ADMINISTERED WITH AN IMMUNOGEN THAT INCREASES THE IMMUNE RESPONSE IN ORDER TO PROVIDE IMMUNITY TO A PARTICULAR DISEASE

ADJUVANTS (OR VACCINES)

ADJUVANTS WORK BY TARGETING THE?

ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS

THESE ARE THE ONLY ADJUVANTS THAT IS CURRENTLY APPROVED FOR CLINICAL USE

ALUMINUM SALTS

ANTIGENS BELONGING TO THE HOST

AUTOANTIGEN

ANTIGENS FROM OTHER MEMBERS OF THE HOST’S SPECIES

ALLOANTIGEN

ANTIGENS FROM OTHER SPECIES

HETEROANTIGEN

ANTIGENS EXISTING IN UNRELATED PLANTS OR ANIMALS. WILL PRODUCE CROSS REACTION

HETEROPHILE ANTIGEN

THESE ARE PROTEINS THAT CAN REGULATE THE IMMUNE RESPONSE AND PLAY A ROLE IN GRAFT REJECTION

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX

THIS IS THE MOST POLYMORPHIC SYSTEM FOUND IN HUMANS

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX

MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX PRODUCES WHAT?

HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN

THE GENES INVOLVING MHC CAN BE FOUND ON WHAT CHROMOSOME?

SHORT ARM OF CHROMOSOME 6

HLA A, B, C, E, G

MHC I

HLA DR, DP, DQ

MHC II

CANNOT PRODUCE HLA BUT PRODUCES COMPLEMENT AND CYTOKINES

MHC III

MHC CLASSES THAT ARE INVOLVED IN ANTIGEN RECOGNITION

CLASS I AND CLASS II

THESE MHC CLASSES PLAY A MAJOR ROLE IN ANTIGEN PRESENTATION TO T CELLS

CLASS I AND CLASS II

ALLL NUCLEATED CELLS

A. MHC CLASS I

B. MHC CLASS II

A

B CELLS, MONOCYTES, MACROPHAGES, DENDRITIC CELLS, THYMIC EPITHELIAL CELLS

A. MHC CLASS I

B. MHC CLASS II

B

ONE ALPHA CHAIN AND BETA-2 MICROGLOBULIN

A. MHC CLASS I

B. MHC CLASS II

A

AN ALPHA CHAIN AND A BETA CHAIN

A. MHC CLASS I

B. MHC CLASS II

B