Testing and Eval Exam One

physical activity

any bodily movement produced by the contraction of skeletal muscles that results in substantial increase in caloric requirements over resting energy expenditure

exercise

a type of physical activity consisting of planned, structured, and repetitive body movement done to improve and/or maintain one or more components of physical fitness

physical fitness

a set of attributes that relate to an individual’s ability to perform physical activities of daily living or the ability to carry out daily tasks with vigor and alertness, without undue fatigue, and with ample energy to enjoy leisure time pursuits and meet unforeseen emergencies

health related physical activity components

cardiorespiratory endurance, body composition, muscle strength, muscle endurance, flexibility

skill related physical activity components

agility, coordination, balance, power, reaction time, speed

does response properties of physical activity

amount of pa needed to improve health, amount of pa needed to lower disease susceptibility and premature mortality

muscle fitness

decreases all cause mortality, disease rates, improves cardiac health

metabolic equivalents

three categories (light, moderate, vigorous), one equals the energy cost of sitting quietly (3.5 mL/kg/min, 1 mL O2/kg/min)

sedentary behaviors

associated with poor health even in those who exercise regularly

hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia

elevation of total cholesterol and blood lipids, respectively, risk factor for cardiovascular disease

blood triglycerides

glycerol molecule and three ffas transported with lipoproteins due to triglycerides being hydrophobic, measures the balance of fat delivery/production and clearance from circulation, influenced by diet, alcohol, insulin sensitivity, body comp, exercise

chronically elevated blood glucose

malfunctioning insulin response/insulin resistance

HbA1C

percent of red blood cells that have glucose attached, rbcs stay glycated rest of their life so is a better long term measure of blood glucose levels