glossary terms architeture

basilica

has a nave that is higher than the two side aisles

dome

evenly curved vault

placed above the crossing

fieldstone

rocks taken from the landscape without altercation

masonry: taking the rocks and making them into somethin

ashar masonry

natural stone has been shapen and worked

rustication: bottom tones petrtude while top stones are smooth

brickwork

manmade and can be made hollow so it easier to put together

bonds: how the bricks are arranged

clinker bricks

bricks that have been cooked and look different

plaster

a material that smooths the wall and dries hard

axonometry

3d visual of the building cut in half

floorplan

shows what interacts with the floor

nave

west side

divided into bay (architectural unit of the church)

aisles

space between column and nave

arcade

bottom row of columns and arches

alternation of columns for support and for decoration

gallery

above the arcade, walkable

triforium

similar to gallery: may or may not be a walkway

smaller and more shallow

clerestory

windows which let light in

windows are above the roof of the side aisles

transept

north south

makes church crucifix

crossing

where nave and transept meet

possibly tower or dome

compound pier

supports the weight and vault

columns grouped together

choir

where the choir and clergy reside

slightly elevated

rood loft

between choir and nave

crypt

basement

relics of martyrs were kept

apse

where the alter resides

stained glass

decorations of stories in the bible

lancet windows

thin narrow windows

contain mullions

mullions

thin vertical stone which divides the window

tracery

intricate stone work

little designs such as clovers

trefoil quartefoil cinfoil

possibly tracery desgns

ambulatory

improves circulation

wraps around the chancel

chancel

word for the combo of choir and apse

narthex

church entrance

west work

main entrance of the church

hall church

nave is asa high as the side aisles

aisleless church

church with no aisles

buttresses

carries the weight of the roof vault and ceiling

attached to the wall

flyerbuttress

removes the buttress from the wall

ribbed vaulting

along the top of the ceiling

pier

gives support and holds weight

rose window

west end of the church and north and south

circular with stained glass

sail vault

pendentive

gradual change from square to dome

tambour

inverted corinthian capital

squinch

completes the square before creating the dome

keystone

middle stone which holds the arch together

voussoir

wedge that makes up arch

springer

final stone in the arch

pointed arch

gothic

helps get light and high

stronger than a round arch so it can carry more weight

barrel vault

arches put together

rounded

not very strong and cant be very wide

groin vault

barrel vaults/arches crossing together diagonally

much stronger

rib vault

groin vault with more stone added and pointed which can carry more weight

liern/stellar vault

decoration

webbed meeting

tierceron

stone ribs that reach out from pier for structure

transverse rib

differentiates the vaults

horizontal lines

keystones

stone at the apex of a vault

fan vault

complicated ribs to adorne the vault

pendant vault

keystone that drops down

portal

part of the enterance

tyrpanum

area for art in the portal

jamb

column for supporting the portal

archivolt

arches that make up the portal

trumeau

middle support of the portal

portico

roof like classical piece of architechture

pediment

triangular globe which forms part of the roof

aedicula

structure of a pediment on top of two vertical supports

dormer

doric

simple capital with ribs down the column

tuscan

doric but no indentation down the column

corinthian

decorative greek capital

pillar

doesnt have a capital

columns can only be columns with a capital

colonnade

like a arcade but instead of being made up arches its make up of columns

pilaster

column that is in the wall

colossal order

goes up two floors or more

ionic capital

has little swirls

composite

corinthian but with ionic swirls