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Meiosis Functions
To form haploid cells with half the normal chromosome number
To rearrange the chromosomes with a novel combinations of genes (genetic combination)
How does 1st division crate variation?
Crossing over (prophase I)
Random assortment of homologous chromosomes (Metaphase I)
Cells are haploid at the end of phase 1 but have duplicated chromosomes
How does 2nd division create variation?
Creates 4 gametes (sex cells) that are haploid
Duplicated chromosomes separate into sister
chromatids in Anaphase II
Every gamete has a different combination of genes
Non disjunction
Failure of an extra chromosome
Trisomy
The presence of an extra chromosome
Law of independent assortment
Alleles of different genes are inherited independently