Neuro + rehab

What does RAMP stand for?

recovery, adaptation, maintenance, prevention

What is synaptogenesis?

formation of new synapses

What is dendritic branching?

dendrites grow as cells adapt and respond to new info

what is synaptic pruning?

process of synapse removal

What is diaschisis?

change of function in a portion of the brain connected to a distance, but damaged brain area

What are the two types of stroke?

ischaemic, haemorrhagic

how does an embolus get into the brain?

carried in the bloodstream than lodges

how does a thrombus get into the brain?

formed at the site

What is the most common cause of cerebral infarct?

embolism

What is atherosclerosis

slowly progressing inflammatory disease resulting from damage to the epithelium

How does platelet activation contribute to atherosclerosis and thrombus formation?

secreting inflammatory substances and becoming active at vulnerable sites

what is the penumbra

potentially salvageable brain area

what causes a haemorrhagic stroke

rupture of a blood vessel

What is an intracerebral haemorrhage?

bleeding inside the space

What is a subarachnoid haemorrhage

bleeding in the subarachnoid space

what usually causes a subarachnoid haemorrhage?

cerebral aneurysm

What are some causes of a haemorrhagic stroke?

raised BP, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, vascular malformations, bleeding disorders, trauma, bleeding secondary to tumour or infarction

What is TACS?

total anterior circulation syndrome

What is PACS?

Partial anterior circulation syndrome

What is LACS?

Lacunar syndrome

What is POCS?

posterior circulation syndrome

What artery is affected in a TACI

middle cerebral artery

What is the presentation of a TACI?

higher cerebral dysfunction (neglect- R hemisphere, aphasia- L hemisphere), homonymous hemianopia, severe motor sensory deficit

What is the prognosis for a TACI?

poor functional outcome with high likelihood of death or long-term depedancy

What artery is affected in a PACI

middle cerebral artery branch occlusion (cortical lesion only)