Org chem Lab (carboxylic acids and acid derivatives)

carboxylic acids

these are organic compounds that have a carboxylic group attached to an alkyl group (RCOOH) or to any aryl group (ArCOOH)

carboxylic acids

these can be mono carboxylated, multi carboxylated, substituted, or they maybe aromatic

true

t/f: one of the general methods of preparign carboxylic acids is by the oxidation of primary alcohols or aldehydes

KMnO4

this is an oxidizing agent that helps in the preparation of carboxylic acids

primary alcohols

these are oxidized first into an aldehyde before turning into a carboxylic acid

true

t/f: reactions like carboxylic acid creation is a common thing in biological systems done by enzymes like alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenase found in the liver.

aldehyde dehydrogenase

this is found in the liver and is used to break down ingested alcohols in the liver to form a less harmful form called acetate

formic acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid

these are the only acids that are liquids at room temperature

true

t/f: low molecular weight carboxylic acids are soluble in water and therefore, lie under class S1

true

t/f: water insoluble acids dissolve in both sodium hydroxide solution and sodium bicarbonate solution, being classified under class A1 and when they react with sodium bicarbonate, they evolve carbon dioxide gas

proton

the acidic properties of carboxylic acids are attributed to the (blank) of the carboxyl group

mono carboxylic acids

these are weak acids except formic acid which is the strongest

true

t/f: the tendency of the alkyl group to release electrons weakens the acid; thus formic acid is the strongest.

true

t/f: on the other hand, presence of electron withdrawing groups (such as halogens) especially on the alpha carbon increases the acidity

true

t/f: reactions of carboxylic acids are related to the proton as in salt formation reactions

true

t/f: Removal of the hydroxyl group as in conversion to derivatives such as esters, amides, or acid chlorides