Studied by 25 peopleCarolus Linneaus
The scientist who developed a classification system for living things
Georges Louis Leclerc de Buffon
The scientist who proposed species shared ancestors
Erasmus Darwin
The scientist who proposed all living things descended from a common ancestor
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
The scientist who proposed a theory that all organisms evolved toward perfection and complexity
James Hutton
The scientist who proposed that Earth was very old, saying geologic change occurred gradually & at a constant rate
Charles Lyell
The scientist who published “Principles of Geology”
6000
For a long time, people believed the Earth was only ____ years old
Galapagos Islands
The place Darwin did his studies
Adapted to their surroundings
Darwin discovered animals did this
Variations
Differences in physical traits, like those Darwin observed between animals in different locations
Artificial Selection
The process by which humans change a species by breeding it for certain traits
Natural Selection
The process by which the environment influences evolution
Fitness
An organism’s ability to survive
Variation, Overproduction, Adaptation, & Descent with Modification
The 4 main factors necessary for natural selection
Phenotype
Natural selection acts on _______
Fossils, Geography, Embryology & Anatomy
4 pieces of evidence for evolution
Embryology
The observation of similarities in embryos among animal species
resembled
Darwin found finches on Galapagos Islands ______ those found on the mainland, with a few adaptations
Homologous Structures
Features in different animals similar in structure but with different functions
Analogous Structures
Structures that perform similar functions but that aren’t similar in origin
Vestigial Structures
Structures or organs seemingly lacking in function, left over from previous ancestors
Pseudogenes
Genes left over from ancestors that no longer function
DNA Sequence Analysis
Based on _____________, more closely related organisms have more similar DNA
Note 
Flashcard (22)