Early Cold War 1945-1959

What policy helped prevent European countries from falling to communism after World War II?

Marshall Plan

What major Eisenhower law transformed transportation in America?

Federal Highway Act

Why did the United States enter the Korean War?

North Korea invaded South Korea.

What style of music was pioneered by Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley?

Rock and Roll

Who were Julius and Ethel Rosenberg?

They were convicted of espionage.

What was NATO?

A military alliance created to defend Western Europe.

How did the West respond to the Berlin Blockade?

They airlifted supplies into West Berlin.

Why was the conflict called the Cold War?

The United States and Soviet Union never fought each other directly.

What was the main goal of American containment?

To stop the spread of communism.

What was the first major Cold War confrontation in Europe?

The Berlin Blockade.

Which two states joined the United States in 1959 and 1960?

Alaska and Hawaii.

What was rollback?

A more aggressive policy to push communism back.

What did Brown v. Board of Education rule?

Segregated schools were unconstitutional and must be integrated.

What was Truman's domestic program called?

Fair Deal.

What was the purpose of the Truman Doctrine?

To contain the spread of communism.

What made the United Nations stronger than the League of Nations?

It had the power to use military force.

What did HUAC discover?

At least one government employee was passing secrets to the Soviets.

What was the G.I. Bill?

A law helping veterans pay for college and buy homes.

Who began the Montgomery Bus Boycott?

Rosa Parks.

What was Sputnik?

The first successful satellite of the Space Race.

What was Massive Resistance?

Southern opposition to school integration.

What issue caused early Cold War tensions between the U.S. and USSR?

How Poland should be restored after World War II.

What movement criticized greed and capitalism during the 1950s?

The Beatnik Movement.

Whose murder is often considered the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement?

Emmett Till.

What global event complicated the Cold War?

Decolonization created new nations caught between the U.S. and USSR.

Why was Dwight Eisenhower famous before becoming president?

He commanded the Allied armies during World War II.

What was McCarthyism?

A Red Scare campaign to find suspected communists.

What happened in Cuba in 1959?

Fidel Castro established a communist-backed government.

How did the Little Rock Crisis end?

Federal troops protected the Little Rock Nine.

What political party formed because Truman supported civil rights?

Dixiecrat Party.

What was the biggest labor union event of the early Cold War?

The AFL and CIO merged.

What was the population boom after World War II called?

The Baby Boom.

Which general did Truman remove from command during the Korean War?

General Douglas MacArthur.