African American Nadel

13th Amendment

This Amendment was passed by congress a few months before the end of the Civil War, and before Lincoln’s death. It outlawed the enslavement of another person (except as punishment for a crime).

14th Amendment

This Amendment was passed in 1868, and was drafted

specifically to undo the Dred Scott V. Sandford decision, as

well as to help reestablish the southern American

Governments after military rule. It granted citizenship to

African-Americans.

15th Amendment

This Amendment was passed in 1869 and ratified in 1870.

The amendment was crafted specifically to ensure

African-Americans were granted voting rights guaranteed to

them by citizenship conferred with the other Amendments,

following attempts to restrict those rights in the south.

The first African-American elected to Congress in

Washington D.C.

Hiram Revels

The first African-American to successfully complete a term in

Congress.

Blanche Bruce

These laws in the south established that a

person could not vote if their male ancestor did

not also have the right to vote when they were

alive.

The Grandfather Clause

A Racial Supremacy and White Nationalist group active in the

south beginning in 1868. They committed acts of terrorism

while disguising themselves.

The Ku Klux Klan

Separation of people into different facilities based on their

race or ethnicity.

Racial Segregation

A test that a person had to pass in order to vote in the south if

they were not able to prove that they had a 5th grade

education.

Literacy Test

These government acts attempted to prevent acts of

terrorism against African-Americans and their supporters in

the south.

The Enforcement Acts

The Republican Party

This political party (which had allied itself with Abolition

in the past) became the party of most

African-American candidates, and a party that fought

against Jim Crow laws in the south during

Reconstruction.

The U.N.I.A.

This organization was formed by Marcus Garvey, and was

one of the first Pan-African movements in the United States.

It sought to establish connections between African Diasporas

around the world.

The NAACP

An organization formed in the early 20th century to

advocate for an end to segregation, and organize protests

and demonstrations to achieve greater racial equality in

the United States.

A group created to ensure that formerly enslaved

African-Americans were given the new rights and freedoms

they were granted in the south, despite the heavy resistance

and racism that existed there.

The Freedmen’s Bureau

This Organization created for military veterans also accepted

and advocated for African-American Civil War Veterans.

The Grand Army of the Republic

W.E.B. DuBois

This activist and intellectual advocated for African-Americans

to pursue higher education, and “tirelessly advocate” for

themselves and for Racial Equality.

W.E.B. DuBois

This activist and intellectual advocated for African-Americans

to pursue higher education, and “tirelessly advocate” for

themselves and for Racial Equality.

After the lynching of three of her friends in 1892,

This woman became one of the nation’s most

vocal anti-lynching activists. She was also a

founding member of the NAACP.

Ida B. Wells

Marcus Garvey

This Activist and Intellectual believed that ending segregation

was impossible, so the best option was to create a homeland

in Africa for African Diasporas around the world.

Separatist

a person who supports the separation of a particular group of

people from a larger group on the basis of ethnicity, religion,

or gender.

Individuals who served in the military, fought in a war, or are

otherwise similarly experienced.

Veterans

White Nationalism

The belief that the United States should be composed only of

White Americans, and all other racial or ethnic groups should

not be granted citizenship.

Legislator

A person who participates in the process of making law for a

political group

Miscegenation

A typically negative term used to refer to intermarrying and/or

having children where each parent is of a different racial or

ethnic group.

A president’s refusal to sign a bill into law. This can be

overridden by 2/3rds of congress voting to pass the law a

second time.

Presidential Veto

The Grand Wizard

The title that the leader of the Ku Klux Klan holds.