Geography coasts igcse edexcel (marine processes)

Attrition (erosion)

Material carried by the waves that bump into each other and are warn softer and and smoother

Corrosion (erosion)

sea water gradually dissolves some type of rock

Hydraulic action (erosion)

The force of the waves hitting the coast

Abrasion (erosion)

Waves pick up material and hurl it at the coast

Slumps (mass movement)

A type of mass movement where sections of saturated soil and rock suddenly slide down a slope due to gravity.

Flow (mass movement)

Rocks sliding downhill

Fall (mass movement)

Fragments break off due to weathering

Slide (mass movement)

Material slides down hill due to gravity

soil creep (mass movement)

soil expands and moves at a slow rate

Deposition

sediment moving along the coast

Mechanical weathering

physically breaking up rock

Freeze thaw weathering

water gets into the rock expands and freezes, breaking up the rock

salt weathering

water in cracks evaporates leaving salt crystals

Chemical weathering

rocks broken down due to chemical processes e.g. acid rain

biological weathering

rocks being broken down by living organisms

How does energy affect rate of erosion

The greater the energy, the more erosion that takes place

How does the amount of material increase erosion?

More material results in more abrasion and increases the overall rate of erosion.

How does shore geometry affect the rate of erosion

Higher steeper waves are caused by a steeper seabed