DESTINATION C1C2 UNIT 6 (REVISED)

in the interim

​during the period of time between two events; until a particular event happens

• Despite everything that had happened _, they had remained good friends.

• Her new job does not start until May and she will continue in the old job _.

~ thời gian tạm thời, giai đoạn chuyển tiếp

interim /ˈɪntərɪm/

[only before noun]

1. ​intended to last for only a short time until somebody/something more permanent is found

   • an _ government/measure/report

   • The vice-president took power in the _ period before the election.

spell

[countable] a short period of time during which something lasts

• We had a _ of warm weather in April.

• a cold _

• There will be rain at first, with sunny _s later.

stint

​(+ adv./prep.) a period of time that you spend working somewhere or doing a particular activity

• He did a _ abroad early in his career.

• He hated his two-year _ in the Navy.

~ thời gian làm việc

millennium /mɪˈleniəm/

​a period of 1 000 years, especially as calculated before or after the birth of Christ

• the second _ AD

• For _, it was accepted that the earth was at the centre of the universe.

~ thiên niên kỷ

anachronism /əˈnækrənɪzəm/

1. ​[countable] a person, a custom or an idea that seems old-fashioned and does not belong to the present

   • The monarchy is seen by many people as an _ in the modern world.

   • She said nuclear weapons were an _ in the post cold war era.

2. ​[countable, uncountable] something that is placed, for example in a book or play, in the wrong period of history; the fact of placing something in the wrong period of history

   • The book is full of _s which suggests there were parts rewritten in later centuries.

~ sự lỗi thời, sai niên đại

overdue

​not paid, done, returned, etc. by the required or expected time

• an _ payment/library book

• The rent is now _.

elapse

​if a period of time ~, it passes

synonym go by

• Many years _ before they met again.

lapse

1. [intransitive] (of a contract, an agreement, etc.) to no longer be legally recognized because the period of time that it lasts has come to an end

• She had allowed her membership to _.

• The treaty _ in 1995.

2. [intransitive] to gradually become weaker or come to an end

   synonym expire

   • His concentration _ after a few minutes.

span

the length of time that something lasts or is able to continue

• I worked with him over a _ of six years.

• The project must be completed within a specific time _.

~ Khoảng thời gian qua đó cái gì kéo dài hoặc mở rộng từ lúc bắt đầu đến lúc kết thúc

instantaneous /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/

happening immediately

• an _ response

• Death was almost _.

on leave

nghỉ phép

• I got an automated reply saying she was away _.

• Her husband is in the army and was due home _.

crop up

​to appear or happen, especially when it is not expected

synonym come up

• His name just _ in conversation.

• I'll be late—something's _ at home.

~ xuất hiện một cách bất chợt

dive in

1. (informal) to start eating with enthusiasm

   synonym dig in

   • She _ and eats with obvious enjoyment.

2. ​(informal) to start doing something without hesitating or with enthusiasm

   • I didn't know what to expect at first but I just _.

   • If you like uncomplicated soap operas, then _.

~ làm việc gì đó hăng say

end up (in/as)

​to find yourself in a place or situation at the end of a process or period of time

• I _ doing all the work myself.

• + adv./prep. If you go on like this you'll _ in prison.

~ rốt cuộc là, cuối cùng trở thành gì

kick off (with)

​(informal) to start

• What time shall we _?

• And then it all _.

• Who is going to _ the discussion?

knock off

​(informal) to stop doing something, especially work

• Do you want to _ early today?

• What time do you _ work?

knuckle down (to)

(informal) to begin to work hard at something

synonym get down to

• I'm going to have to _ to some serious study.

lay off

1. ​(informal) to stop using something

   • I think you'd better _ fatty foods for a while.

2. ​to stop employing somebody because there is not enough work for them to do

   synonym make somebody redundant

   • 200 workers at the factory have been _.

lie ahead (of someone)

to be in the future:

We don't know what _.

You graduate today, and an exciting future _ of you.

press ahead/on (with something)

​to continue doing something in a determined way; to hurry forward

• The company is _ its plans for a new warehouse.

• ‘Shall we stay here for the night?’ ‘No, let's _.’

~ quyết tâm thực hiện, không ngại khó khăn, phản đối

tide sb over

[no passive] to help somebody during a difficult period by providing what they need

• Can you lend me some money to _ me _ until I get paid?

while away

​to spend time in a pleasant lazy way

• We _ the time reading and playing cards.

wind down

​(of a person) to rest or relax after a period of activity or excitement

synonym unwind

a stitch in time (saves nine)

1. ​(saying) it is better to deal with something immediately because if you wait it may become worse or more difficult and cause extra work

• You should fix that leak now. _.

• If we address the complaints early, we won’t lose customers. _.

all in good time

1. ​(informal) used to say that something will be done or will happen at the appropriate time and not before

   • Be patient, Emily! _.

before sb’s time

If something is ~, it happened or existed before you were born or were old enough to remember it:

• I don't remember the Beatles - they were _.

• You won't remember Rachel Thomson - she was _.

on the spur of the moment

1. ​suddenly, without planning in advance

   • I phoned him up _.

   • a _ decision

the other day/morning/evening/week

​recently

• I saw Jack _.

• I was in your area _.

• I woke up _ and just could not get myself out of bed.

~ dạo gần đây, một vài ngày trước

be/act your age

1. ​to behave in a way that is suitable for somebody of your age and not as though you were much younger

   • Isn’t it time you started _?

with age

theo thời gian hoặc khi già dần

run/take its course

​to develop in the usual way and come to the usual end

• Sometimes it is better to simply let stress and grief _.

• With minor ailments the best thing is often to let nature _.

~ kết thúc một cách tự nhiên sau một thời gian nhất định

in due course

at the right time and not before

• Your request will be dealt with _.

course of action

something that is done in order to get a particular result:

This is the sensible _.

What is our best _?

~ kế hoạch hoặc phương pháp để giải quyết một vấn đề hoặc đạt được một mục tiêu

from day to day

1. ​with no thoughts or plans for the future

   • They live _, looking after their sick daughter.

2. ​if a situation changes ~, it changes often

   • A baby's need for food can vary _.

any day now

​(informal) very soon

• We expect more info on this _.

~ rất sớm, trong thời gian ngắn

as ever

in the same way as always:

_, I was the last to find out.

_, his writing is lucid and witty.

~ như thường lệ, không thay đổi hoặc không khác biệt

make the best of a bad job

to do one’s best in difficult circumstances

còn nước còn tát

I decided to _, and rented the car even though it was far from perfect.

do/make a good/bad job of something

to do something well/badly:

• I'm not going to let him repair my bike again because he _ it last time.

• The dry cleaner's _ removing that oil stain from my shirt.

do somebody/yourself out of a job

​(informal) to cause somebody/yourself to lose their/your job because the role is no longer required

• Our aim as a charity is to help people so successfully that we do ourselves _.

~ thất nghiệp

on the job

​while doing a particular job

• No sleeping _!

• _ training

~ đang làm việc, đang thực hiện công việc của mình

give/take sb a second to do

To allow someone or something a moment or brief period of time in which to do something.

Honey, this isn't what it looks like, just _ explain!

Give the computer a second to reboot so the updates can be properly installed.

a split second

a very short moment of time

• Their eyes met for a _.

term time

[uncountable] (British English)

1. ​the period of time when classes are held at a school, college, or university, as opposed to the holidays

   • I never went out in the evenings during _.

time after time | time and (time) again

​often; on many or all occasions

• You will get a perfect result _ if you follow these instructions.

• _, the girls have shown how strong and determined they can be.

year on year

(used especially when talking about figures, prices, etc.)each year, compared with the last year

• Spending has increased _.

• a _ increase in spending

leap year

năm nhuận

work your way

to achieve a better position within the organization you work for:

She quickly _ to vice president.

antiquity /ænˈtɪkwəti/

1. [uncountable] the ancient past, especially the times of the Greeks and Romans

   • The statue was brought to Rome in _.

   • classical _

2. ​[uncountable] the state of being very old or ancient

   • A number of the monuments are of considerable _.

   • Archaeologists found 40 bodies of varying _ in the area.

antiquated

(usually disapproving)

1. ​(of things or ideas) old-fashioned and no longer suitable for modern conditions

   synonym outdated

   • _ legal procedures

   • The _ heating system barely heats the larger rooms.

reapply

(for something) to make another formal request for something

• Previous applicants for the post need not _.

misapply

to use something for the wrong purpose or in the wrong way

• The company admitted that their system of penalties had been _.

~ áp dụng sai

applicability

(to something) the fact of being true or useful in a particular case or situation

• The new approach had wide _ to all sorts of different problems.

inapplicable

not directed at, intended for, or suitable for someone or something:

These regulations are _ to visitors from outside the European Community.

~ không thể áp dụng được

applicable

[not usually before noun]

1. ​that can be said to be true in the case of somebody/something

   synonym relevant

   • Give details of children where _ (= if you have any).

   • Much of the form was not _ (= did not apply) to me.

competitiveness

[uncountable]

1. ​the fact of people or organizations competing against each other

   • professions involving a higher degree of _ such as marketing and business administration

   • the ongoing _ between the two companies

underemployment

[uncountable]

1. ​a lack of enough paid work; a lack of work that makes full use of a person's skills and abilities

   • Mass unemployment and _ mean that a large part of the population live in a state of precarity.

~ Tình trạng thiếu việc làm

expectant

hoping for something, especially something good and exciting

• children with _ faces waiting for the fireworks to begin

• A sudden roar came from the _ crowd.

futurist

​an artist, writer, etc. in the 1920s or 30s who worked in the style of futurism

futuristic

1. ​extremely modern and unusual in appearance, as if belonging to a future time

   • _ design

2. ​imagining what the future will be like

   • a _ novel

   • The cover of the novel shows a _ city on the moon.

incidence

1. (formal) the extent to which something happens or has an effect

   • an area with a high _ of crime

2. ​[uncountable] (physics) the way in which light meets a surface

   • the angle of _

~ Sự xuất hiện, tỷ lệ hoặc tần suất của một căn bệnh, tội phạm hoặc điều không mong muốn khác

coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/

[countable, uncountable] the fact of two things happening at the same time by chance, in a surprising way

• a strange/an extraordinary/a remarkable _

• What a _! I wasn't expecting to see you here.

• It's not a _ that none of the directors are women (= it did not happen by chance).

incidental

(to something) happening in connection with something else, but not as important as it, or not intended

• The discovery was _ to their main research.

• _ music (= music used with a play or a film to give atmosphere)

~ ngẫu nhiên

coincidental

[not usually before noun]

1. ​happening by chance; not planned

   • I suppose your presence here today is not entirely _.

   • It's purely _ that we both chose to call our daughters Emma.

~ trùng hợp ngẫu nhiên

jobbing

[only before noun] (British English)

1. ​doing pieces of work for different people rather than a regular job

   • a _ actor/builder

jobless

without a job (adj)

synonym unemployed

• The closure left 500 people _.

• The company has plans to make more people _.

outlast

to continue to exist or take part in an activity for a longer time than somebody/something

• He can _ anyone on the dance floor.

~ tồn tại lâu hơn

everlasting

continuing forever; never changingsynonym eternal

• _ life/love

• an _ memory of her smile

• To his _ credit, he never told anyone what I'd done.

manageress /ˌmænɪdʒəˈres/

(British English, old-fashioned)

1. ​a woman who is in charge of a small business, for example, a shop, restaurant or hotel

managerial

[usually before noun]

1. ​connected with the work of a manager

   • Does she have any _ experience?

manageable

possible to deal with or control

• Use conditioner regularly to make your hair soft and _.

• The debt has been reduced to a more _ level.

unmanageable

difficult or impossible to control or deal with

• The costs involved had become _.

• There have been complaints about _ levels of work.

momentous

very important or serious, especially because there may be important results

synonym historic

• a _ decision/event/occasion

• At the same time, _ events were taking place in Russia.

momentary

​lasting for a very short time

synonym brief

• The accident was the result of a _ lapse of concentration.

• The announcement caused _ confusion among the passengers.

mistime

to do something at the wrong time, especially when this makes something bad or unpleasant happen

• The horse completely _ the jump and threw its rider.

• A lot of the jokes were _ (= and therefore not funny).

rework

to make changes to something in order to improve it or make it more suitable

• We’re constantly _ our old songs.

• She kept _ this area of the painting.

workable

​(of a system, an idea, etc.) that can be used successfully and effectively

synonym practical

• a _ plan

• I’m sure we can come to some _ arrangement.

• a _ framework/programme/proposal/solution/system

unworkable

not practical or possible to do successfully

• an _ plan

• The law as it stands is _.

beaver away (at something)

​(informal) to work very hard at something

• He's been _ at the accounts all morning.

hammer away at

to work hard in order to finish or achieve something; to keep repeating something in order to get the result that you want

• She kept _ that point all through the meeting.

plug away

to work hard and in a determined way, especially at something that you find difficult:

Katie has been _ at her homework for hours.

Term of office

nhiệm kỳ, nhiệm kỳ, thời gian tại chức

In the second half of his _, Mr Blair had a very clear idea of what needed to be done.

on end

1. ​for the stated length of time, without stopping

   • He would disappear for weeks _.

make a start (on something)

to begin doing something

I’ll _ the washing-up.

at this moment in time

​(informal) now, at the present time

• _, I don't know what my decision will be.

the moment of truth

​a time when somebody/something is tested, or when important decisions are made

• The _ is when the trainee pilots take over the controls of the plane.

bring something to an end

to make something finish:

• He ran out of time and _ the interview _.

• We will have to use economic and military pressure to _ this situation _.

put an end to something

to make something stop happening or existing:

How can we _ the fighting?