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Pre-Clinical Testing
on human cells/ tissues and then live animals
- tests for efficacy, toxicity and to find a correct dosage
Clinical Trial Stage 1
on healthy volunteers with a low dosage
- tests for harmful side effects
Clinical Trial Stage 2
on ill patients
- tests for an optimum dose
Placebo Check
on ill patients with a double blind trial
- fake and real drugs tried to check if results are just a placebo effect
Peer Review
to check that the science is reasonable - eliminate bias etc.