Diabetes, blood clots, and cardiovascular conditions

Flashcards covering key concepts related to diabetes, blood clots, heart conditions.

Diabetes Type 1

A genetic condition that cannot be modified.

Diabetes Type 2

A condition with both modifiable (diet, exercise) and genetic components.

Dyslipidemia

A modifiable condition related to diet and lifestyle.

Risk Factors (modifiable)

Diet, alcohol consumption, stress, smoking.

Risk Factors (non-modifiable)

Age, gender (male), menopause.

Estrogen

Provides a protective effect on the heart in women before menopause.

Consequences of Hypertension

Stroke, vision loss, heart attacks, bone loss, kidney failure, blood vessel damage.

Atherosclerosis

Narrowing of the arteries.

Ischemia

Reduced blood flow or perfusion to tissues and organs.

Angina

Chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart.

Hemostasis

The process of blood clotting.

Three things needed for blood clot

Platelets, Fibrin, Red Blood Cells

Fibrinolysis

The breaking down of fibrin to dissolve a blood clot.

Hypercoagulation

Excessive blood clotting.

Embolus

A blood clot that breaks off and travels to other areas of the body.

Hypocoagulation

The body's inability to form blood clots.

SCDs (Sequential Compression Devices)

Devices used to prevent blood clots in patients with limited mobility.

DVT (Deep Vein Thrombosis)

A blood clot in the deep veins, often in the legs.

Heart Failure

When the heart is less efficient at pumping blood.

Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

A blood clot that has moved into the lungs.

Dyspnea

Shortness of breath.

Right-sided heart failure

The heart cannot pump blood to the lungs efficiently.

Coronary Artery Disease

A disease caused by problems with the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle.

Atherosclerosis

Clogging and hardening of the arteries.

Angina

Temporary lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle.

Myocardial Infarction

Total occlusion of a coronary artery, leading to tissue death.

Serum Troponin

A marker in the blood used to determine if a person had a heart attack, had a myocardial infarction