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Pedigree
A diagram of family relationships
Autosomal traits
Passed on from parents of offspring independent of the X and Y chromosmes
X-linked traits
Almost exclusively passed on the X chromosome which determines if an individual is XX or XY
4 possible MOI (mode of inheritance)
Autosome Recessive e.g. Cystic Fibrosis, Sickle cell anaemia
Autosomal Dominant e.g. Retinoblastoma
X-linked Recessive e.g. Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
X-linked Dominant e.g. Rett Syndrome
Exam Question - Clues
Is the disease present in every generation - Indicated Dominance
Is the family outbred - Indicated Dominance
Is the family inbred - Indicated Recessive
Are generations skipped? (Data missing) - Indicates Recessive