Public Speaking Study Guide Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering the key stages of group development, speech delivery methods, structural definitions, rhetorical appeals, logical fallacies, and research techniques from the Public Speaking Study Guide.

Forming

The stage of group development where members meet and roles are unclear.

Storming

The stage of group development where conflict and disagreements occur; it is considered normal and necessary for growth.

Norming

The stage of group development where rules, roles, and expectations are established to create structure, predictability, and security.

Performing

The stage of group development where the group works efficiently toward goals.

Adjourning

The final stage where the group disbands after task completion.

Extemporaneous Speaking

A carefully prepared and practiced delivery method using brief notes; it is conversational, flexible, allows eye contact, and increases credibility.

Impromptu

A delivery method involving no preparation.

Manuscript

A delivery method where the speech is read word-for-word.

Memorized

A delivery method where the speech is fully memorized; it is the least recommended method.

Plagiarism

Using someone else's work as your own.

Topic

The subject of the speech.

General Purpose

The broad goal of a speech: to inform, persuade, or entertain.

Specific Purpose

A one-sentence objective for the speech.

Central Idea (Thesis)

The main message of the speech that summarizes the main points.

Persuasion

Defined as Information + Change, with the goal of changing audience beliefs, attitudes, values, or behaviors.

Ethos

An appeal based on credibility and how the audience perceives the speaker.

Pathos

An emotional appeal.

Logos

An appeal based on logical reasoning.

Red Herring

A logical fallacy that distracts from the main argument.

Ad Hominem

A logical fallacy that attacks the person instead of the argument.

Bandwagon

A logical fallacy based on the idea that "everyone is doing it."

Straw Man

A logical fallacy that misrepresents someone's argument.

Fallacies

Bad reasoning that should never be used in speeches.

Proposition of Fact

A proposition that asks if something is true or false.

Proposition of Value

A proposition that asks if something is good or bad.

Proposition of Policy

A proposition that asks what "should" be done.

Narratives

Stories used to clarify, dramatize, and emphasize ideas.

To define

To set limits of meaning, explain how a term is used, and clarify understanding.

3-Step Process for Citing Sources

1. Introduce the source, 2. State the source, 3. Explain the source.

Testimony

Material used to provide insight into others' experiences or opinions, including expert and peer types.

Peer review

A process where experts evaluate research; it can take months to years.

Individualistic cultures

Cultures that focus on personal needs.

Race

A socially constructed category.