Studied by 10 people
What is a false Horizon?
What you think is the horizon but it is not
What is Autokinesis?
Station light appear to move
What is a Runway width illusion?
The runway may seem wider or narrower than it really is
What is a sloping runway Illusion?
When you may seem higher or lower than you really are
What is a featureless Terrain illusion?
You may see higher than you really are because of:
Water refraction
Haze
Fog
What are ground lighting illusions?
When something appears to be an airport but it may not be
What is a wide runway illusion?
When a wider than usual runway creates a illusion that the aircraft is leading to a higher approach
What is a Narrow runway illusion?
When a narrower than usual runway creates a illusion that the aircraft is leading to a lower approach
What is runway upsloping?
When a upsloping runway can create the illusion that the aircraft is higher than it actually is leading to a lower approach
What is a runway downsloping?
When a downsloping runway can create the illusion that the aircraft is lower than it actually is leading to a higher approach
What causes Hypoxic Hypoxia?
Not enough oxygen in the blood
What causes hypemic hypoxia?
Carbon monoxide poisoning / blood donation
What causes stagnant hypoxia?
Poor blood circulation
What causes Histotoxic hypoxia?
Alcohol or Drugs
What are the symptoms of hypoxia?
Restlessness, Rapid breathing
Sever symptoms: Cyanosis (blue skin), slow heart rate
What are the remedies for hypoxia?
Supplemental oxygen//Seek immediate medical attention
What are all the rules of supplemental oxygen?
12,500 feet: flight crew must use after 30 min
14,000 feet: flight must crew must use all the time
15,000 feet: oxygen must be available to the passengers
What type of supplemental oxygen must you use?
Aviators breathing oxygen
When is it recommended that you use oxygen?
Above 10.000 feet during the day and above 5,000 feet at night
What are the symptoms of hyperventilation?
Lightheadedness, shortness of breath
What are the causes of hyperventilation?
Excessive breathing from stress or fear
What can you to to treat hyperventilation?
Slowing breaths or breathing into a bag
What are pilots alcohol limitations?
You may not fly within 8 hours of consuming alcohol
you may not fly with a blood alcohol content of more than .04%
How much alcohol does the body metabolize in one hour?
One ounce of alcohol
How does the airspeed indicator work?
The ASI measures and indicates the difference between pitot and static pressures
(dynamic and static pressure)
When is dynamic and static pressure equal in the asi?
when the reading is Zero
What causes an increase in indicated airspeed? (ASI)
A increase in dynamic pressure or decrease in static pressure
The pitot tube is only utilized by which flight instrument?
The Airspeed indicator
Where does the Ram air enter from?
The large opening at the front of the pitot tube
Where does the moisture exit from the pitot tube?
The small opening at the back (Drain Hole)
What type of air goes into the static port
Static Air
What flight instruments are vacuum powered?
Attitude indicator and the heading indicator
What flight instruments are electric powered?
Turn Coordinator or the Turn and Slip indicator
Why don’t aircraft that normally operate at high altitudes use a vacuum system to power flight instruments?
Because pump efficiency is limited in the thin, cold air
What happens when the static port is blocked?
Airspeed indicator- will read inaccurate indications
Altimeter- Frozen at what is was when it got blocked
Vertical speed indicator- Will read a constant 0
What happens when the pitot tube is blocked?
ONLY the ASI will have effect. If it is the front hole only it will eventually read zero
What happens when the pitot tube and the drain hole are blocked?
Your airspeed indication will rise but will not be accurate
What happens if you have a blocked static, blocked pitot and blocked drain hole?
Airspeed indication remains the same unless static pressure changes
Does a blocked static port affect all 3 pitot static instruments?
Yes
What happens when you activate the alternate static port?
The airspeed will indicate a speed greater than what it actually is
What is pressure altitude?
Altitude corrected for Non-Standard Day pressure
How do you calculate pressure altitude?
(29.92 - current pressure setting) x 1,000 + field elevation
What is density altitude?
Altitude corrected for Non-Standard day pressure and Non-Standard day tempture
How do you calculate Density altitude?
Density altitude = pressure altitude + (120 x (OTA -ISA)
What are the characteristics of your gyroscopic instruments?
The two characteristics of gyroscopic instruments are rigidity in space and Precession
What is Rigidity in space?
Refers to the principle that a gyroscope remained in a fixed position in the same plane in which it is spinning
What is precession?
The tilting or turning of a gyro in response to a deflective force.
What happens to the attitude indicator when you do a 180 degree turn?
After leveling off from a 180 degree turn, you might have a temporary indication of climbing and baking in the opposite direction of the previous turn
What happens in the Northern Hemisphere if you are in a heading of East and West?
Magnetic dip and the force of inertia cause the show of errors during acceleration and deceleration
What does UNOS stand for?
Undershoot North Overshoot South
What does ANDS stand for?
Accelerate North Decelerate South
What equipment requirements are there for IFR night operations? 91.205
Two-Way Radio C
1 inch of “Hg is equal to…
1,000 feet of altitude
Below 18,000 feet MSL barometric pressures must be?
31.00 “Hg or less
When setting your altimeter to a setting how far can it be from your aircraft?
Within 100 NM of your aircraft
If there is no station available within your area what altimeter setting do you use?
The current reported altimeter setting of a appropriate available station
If the aircraft is not equipped with a radio what do you do?
Set the altimeter to the elevation of the departure airport or use and available altimeter setting prior to departure
Note
Flashcard