Core practical 6 - investigating chlorination of 2-methylpropan-2-ol
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4 Terms
Write an equation for the reaction of 2-methylpropan-2-ol with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
(CH3)3COH + HCl → (CH3)3CCl + H2O
What is removed from the crude product when it is shaken with sodium hydrogencarbonate solution? Write an equation for any reaction that occurs.
(unreacted) HCl
HCl + NaHCO3 → NaCl + CO2 + H2O
2-methylpropan-2-ol has a boiling temperature of 82 °C and is soluble in water. 2-chloro-2-methylpropane has a boiling temperature of 51 °C and is insoluble in water. Explain these differences.
2-methylpropan-2-ol can form hydrogen bonds, 2-chloro-2-methylpropane cannot.
2-methylpropan-2-ol is able to form hydrogen bonds with water and so it is soluble in water. 2-chloro-2-methylpropane cannot form hydrogen bonds with water and so is insoluble in water.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonds in 2-methylpropan-2-ol are stronger than the dipole-dipole attractions and London forces between molecules in 2-chloro-2-methylpropane, so more energy is required to separate the molecules.
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