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who could vote (electorate) in 1789
White male property owners.
What restrictions existed for voting in the early United States?
Religious beliefs, property ownership, tax payments, race, and sex.
what does suffragium mean
the ability to vote
What did the 15th Amendment, ratified in 1870, accomplish?
men of color
What did the 19th Amendment, ratified in 1920, establish?
women can vote
What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 do?
It further secured the voting rights of all citizens.
What did the 24th Amendment eliminate?
The poll tax or any tax or payment required for voting.
At what age does the 26th Amendment grant the right to vote?
At age 18.
What does citizenship mean in the context of voting?
The status of being recognized as a member of a state or country with rights, including voting.
What is the residence requirement for voters?
Must be a legal resident and lived in the state for at least a year.
What was unique about Hawaii's voting age when it became a state?
It set the voting age at 20 instead of 18.
What must voters do to participate in elections?
All voters must register to vote in elections.
How do Maine and Wisconsin differ in voter registration?
They allow voters to register at any time up to election day.
What is required for voters in terms of literacy?
Voters must have the ability to read and write.
What is a poll tax?
A fee charged at the polls during elections.
What did the Supreme Court rule regarding poll taxes?
It eliminated the poll tax in 1966.
What does the 15th Amendment state?
No citizen can be denied suffrage based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What was the main goal of the Civil Rights Act of 1960?
To appoint federal voting referees to ensure qualified citizens could register and vote.
What did the Civil Rights Act of 1965 combat?
The use of poll taxes and literacy tests.
What is gerrymandering?
The practice of drawing electoral district lines to limit the voting strength of a particular group.
What is an injunction?
A court order that restrains the performance of an act by a private individual or public official.
What does preclearance refer to?
The review of laws affecting voting.
What is a reason people may not vote?
Many feel it makes little difference who wins the election.
What are 'Cannot Voters'?
Individuals unable to vote due to various reasons such as being non-citizens or due to illness.
What factors might motivate actual non-voters?
A lack of political efficacy or distrust in the electoral process.
Which demographic tends to vote Democrat?
Lower-income individuals, blue-collar workers, and women.
Which demographic tends to vote Republican?
Higher-income individuals, professionals, and older men.
How does religion influence voting patterns?
Democrats are often Catholic or Jewish, while Republicans are usually Caucasian and Protestant.
Where are Democrats typically geographically located?
In big cities.
What is party identification?
The loyalty of people to a particular political party.
What is straight-ticket voting?
The practice of voting for candidates of only one party in an election.
What is the difference between split-ticket voting and straight-ticket voting?
Split-ticket voting involves voting for candidates from more than one party.
What are off-year elections?
Congressional elections held in the even-numbered years between presidential elections.
What does 'liberal' generally mean in a political context?
Broad-minded, favoring reform and change.
What does 'conservative' typically signify in politics?
Traditional, favoring the status quo and opposing change.
