S305_Lecture1_NetworkModel_Canvas

Local Area Network (LAN)

A network covering a small, clearly defined area, like a single floor or building.

Backbone Network (BN)

High-speed networks that connect other networks together and can span hundreds of feet to several miles.

Wide Area Network (WAN)

The largest type of network in geographic scope, often using leased circuits to connect multiple locations.

Intranet

A network that uses Internet technologies to share information within an organization, accessible only to its members.

Extranet

A network that shares information between organizations and is accessible only to invited users outside the organization.

Internet Model

Also known as the TCP/IP model, this divides communication functions into layers, widely adopted for network models.

Protocol Data Unit (PDU)

Contains layer-specific information needed for message transmission through a network, with each layer adding a PDU.

Encapsulation

The process of placing a higher-level PDU inside a lower-level PDU for transmission.

Open Systems Interconnection Reference Model (OSI model)

A conceptual model that standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system into seven abstraction layers.

Error checking

A function in data link layer protocols to ensure that messages are transmitted without errors.

Protocol

It specifies the rules, functionality,
and messages for communication
at the layer

Application Layer

User’s access to network, software to
perform work

Transport layer

End to end management

Network Layer

Deciding where the message goes

Data link layer

Moving message from one device to next

Physical Layer

Transmits the message