HOA 4 (AMACE)

Timawa and maharlika

freemen

Pre-Colonial Architecture

FOLK Architecture; INDIGENOUS Architecture; PRIMITIVE Architecture

Tradition

Pre-Colonial: dictates general shape or form and structural concepts.

Chance or oido (playing by ear)

Pre-Colonial: enables the builder/designer/craftsman to improvise and make adjustments along the way RELYING ON INTUITION and aesthetic insight.

Animism

the oldest religion - a belief that natural objects have souls practiced by indigenous peoples in the mountains of Luzon.

Cave Dwellings

Earliest shelters in the Philippines.

MANUNGGUL JAR

Soul boat burial jars

Lean-to

Windshield or one-sided lean to with or without flooring

TREE - HOUSES

Built in forked branches of 6.0-18.00 m. trees or atop 4.50 - 6.0 m. high stumps which serves as a foundation

BAHAY/BALAI

Southeast Asian type of domestic architecture

Samil

Bahay Kubo Materials: refers to several layers of nipa leaflets that have been combed lengthwise over bamboo slats

Papangkol

Bahay Kubo Materials: two panels of vertical-split bamboo are clamped together for the panels to grip each other, keeping the rain from coming in

Wall Sidings

Bahay Kubo Materials: kept in place with the help of the rattan lashings, horizontal bamboo studs clamp the sidings together on both sides

Kilo

Bahay Kubo Materials: Rafters

Palupo

Bahay Kubo Materials: Ridge Pole

Sikang

Bahay Kubo Materials: poles which cross the rafters halfway down the slope

Kahab-an

Bahay Kubo Materials: connects the bottom ends of the rafters together

Palatpat

Bahay Kubo Materials: bamboo strips tied on to the rafters with rattan vines as the main supports of the roofing

Pawid

Bahay Kubo Materials: nipa shingles made by stripping leaves from the petiole and bending them over a narrow bamboo slats

Halige

Bahay Kubo Materials: House post

Tarugo

Bahay Kubo Materials: wooden peg

Patukuran

Bahay Kubo Materials: beam laid over the yawi at right angle, thus completing the perimeter.

Soleras

Bahay Kubo Materials: floor joist are laid

sahig

Bahay Kubo Materials: slatted floor. Rattan or bamboo strips tie the different parts to each other.

Gililan

Bahay Kubo Materials: floor sills run around the outermost periphery of the soleras to support the walls

Bulwagan

Bahay Kubo Parts: Living Room

Silid

Bahay Kubo Parts:keep clothes and personal belongings. (sleeping area)

Paglutuan or "gilir"

Bahay Kubo Parts: which may sometimes be a separate structure where food is prepared

Dapogan

Bahay Kubo Parts: consists of table, river stones and a shoe-shaped stove (kalan)

Bangahan

Bahay Kubo Parts: later hispanized into a banguerra - pots, dishes and other utensils are kept

Batalan

Bahay Kubo Parts: porch which opens from the paglutuan

silong

Bahay Kubo Parts: Lower part of the house used as an enclosure for keeping domesticated animals such as swine and fowl and storage for household implements, goods, crops and is some cases as burial grounds for the dead

Kamalig

Bahay Kubo Parts: separate storehouse on stilts where unhulled rice is kept

Mangyans

Ethno-linguistic group inhabiting most of the highland region of Mindoro

Mangyan House

House in the Mountainside or hillside of Mindoro

Palaganan

Mangyan House: passageway from the main door is set lower than the platforms

Ivatans

Nationally acclaimed as the "True Insulares."

Savidug Ijang

Ancient fortifications on a a high promontory giving a strategic view of the sea and surrounding land areas

SINADUMPARAN

IVATAN HOUSE TYPOLOGY: One-storey main house with a partially submerged basement used as storage

Rakhu

IVATAN HOUSE TYPOLOGY: Two-storey house

JIN-JIN

IVATAN HOUSE TYPOLOGY: Roof is of multi- layered cogon system.

the ISNEG

Inhabits the banks of the Apayao River and its tributaries in Northern Luzon.

Binuron House

traditional boat-shaped shelter of the Isneg

The KALINGA

Inhabits the area in the middle Chico River.

Tinalob

Roof Types: two layers of bamboo

Kinimpal

Roof Types: half bamboos in convex/concave design were laid over each other

the BONTOC

Live in the banks of the Chico River

ato

village wards

"Fay-u" house

Bontoc: dwelling of the wealthy Bontoc. Built directly on the ground.

Katyufong

Bpntoc: poor man‟s dwelling

cha-la-nan

Bontoc: means ground floor

The IFUGAO

"ipugo" - earth people or mortals or humans, as distinguished from spirits and deities.

Abong

Ifugao: poor man‟s dwelling

Bale

Ifugao: dwellings of the more fortunate

Central Terraces

Ifugao: rich man‟s choice house sites

The IBALOI

Live mostly in the southern part of Benguet

The KANKANAI

Domain includes Western Mountain Province, Northern Benguet and Southeastern Ilocos Sur.

Kankanai House

variation of the Ifugao prototype

Katawhang lumad

Cebuano term meaning native or indigenous.

TIBOLI, T'BOLI

Reside in the high elevation of the mountain ranges of South Cotobato and Sultan Kudarat Provinces, south of Mindanao

Tinalak

unusual tie-dyed and woven abaca cloth used for dresses during ceremonies and festivities.

GUNU BONG

Located near the banks of Lake Sebu or on a hilly portions

Muslim/Moro

Multilingual ethnic group and the largest mainly non-Christian ethnic group in the Philippines

MARANAOS

Live in settlements of the shores of Lake Lanao, or an the hilly „dry rice areas" near a water source;

Lawig

major typologies of a Maranao House:small houses

Mala-a

major typologies of a Maranao House: large houses, a necessity in the polygamous culture

Torogan

major typologies of a Maranao House: ancestral home of the upperclass

Ranggar

small Islamic prayer housed would be located in the community

Pegawidan

royalty

Kota/Kuta or fortress

early Filipino constructed forts in Mindanao, Sulu as well as in Manila and Mindoro against enemy attacks

Gibon

Torogan Features: special space for the daughter of the datu.

okir

Torogan Features: projecting beam pattern design

Lamin

Torogan Features: lady‟s dormitory which serve as another hideaway for the datu‟s daughter and her manga raga or ladies.

Panolong

Torogan Features: Row of carved projecting beam ends in ornate motifs

OKIR, OKIL, UKKIL

Torogan Features: Carving usually features the naga or serpent as well as floral and star and bud motifs.

dap-ay

the men's dormitory and civic center

Ebgan

the girl's dormitory where courtship between young men and women took place.

MAGUINDANAO

"People of the flood plain" - inhabit the broad Pulangi River valley and delta which occasionally flood.

YAKAN

From the "Dayak origin" mostly found in the Interior of Basilan Island

LUMAH (OLD NA DAW)

traditional Yakan house which faces the east.

SAMA/SAMAL

"Sama" is a derivative of the word "Samasama" meaning togetherness - described as a cohesive and peace loving people.

BADJAO

Sea gypsies of the south; also called Samal Laus (Sea Sama)

Sitangkai

Badjao: build permanent homes on the shore while the group live in the houseboat called sakayan.

BALANGAY

biniday or barangay

Masjid/Maskid

Mosque Types: Holds the Friday noon assembly prayers and observance.

Cebu, Sebu or Sugbo.

Spanish colony was first established in

Villa de San Miguel

(feast of St. Michael).

Foundation of the first Hispanic settlement in Southeast Asia

Panay

where is the first settlement in Spanish Colonial

MAYNILAD

Originally a large Malayan-Islamic settlement

Bathala

main god

Anito

lesser gods

Maginoo (nobles)

datu

King Philip II

developed a comprehensive guide comprising of 148 ordinances to aid colonists in locating, building, and populating settlements.

INTRAMUROS, MANILA

Known as the Walled City or "within the walls"

INTRAMUROS

Capital of the Philippines during the Spanish regime

Cuadricula (Grid Pattern)

Square or rectangular blocks on parallel and perpendicular streets crossing one another,

Dynamic defense

fleet with fixed periodic vigilance and a single patrol circuit

Static defense

fortification of the principal ports known as Spanish Buttressed Fortification

FORT SANTIAGO

Most important and oldest fortification built in Manila

suburbs

arrabales