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4 main issues with eating disorders
-perfectionistic
-intensely concerned how others perceive them
-not viewing self as God views them
-control issue
(nothing is more attractive than being like JESUS)
5 characteristics of a good listener:
Sit squarely
Open stance
Lean in
Eye contact
Remain relaxed
achievement motivation
a desire for significant accomplishment, attaining a high standard
affiliation need
the need to build relationships and feel part of a group
agression
any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy
Anger:
A short madness that carries the mind away and can be many times more hurtful than the injury that caused it
anorexia
person is significantly underweight yet feels fat, starving oneself to dangerously low levels (decrease 15%, decrease normal body weight)
arousal theory
focuses on finding the right level of stimulation
attitudes
beliefs and feeling that predispose our reactions to objects, people, and events and guide our behavior (ATTITUDES AFFECT ACTIONS)
attraction
the interest in and liking of one individual by another, or the mutual interest and liking between two or more individuals
attribution
mental process people use to explain their behavior or the behavior of others
attribution theory
explaining one's behavior attributing it to internal dispositions or external situations
basal metabolic rate
the body's resting rate of energy expenditure
been unfaithful to God
We have all ---
belonging
a central human motivation to form close, enduring relationships
body language, facial expressions, tone of voice
deciphering people's emotions
bulimia
repeated binge/purge episodes by overeating followed by vomiting or use laxatives
bystander effect
tendency for an observer of an emergency to withhold aid if the emergency is being observed by several other people
Cannon-Bard
we feel emotion when our bodies respond (simultaneously)
catastrophes
unpredictable large-scale events
chameleon effect
unconsciously imitating others' expressions, postures, and voice tones
Christ, never, severed
However, out relationship with --- can --- be ---!
Chronic anger
increase the risk of heart disease
conformity
adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group or standard
daily hassles
everyday annoyances
deindivuation
the loss of self-awareness and self-restraint when in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity
depression
increase the risk of heart disease
drive
aroused state coming from an underlying need
drive reduction theory
when a physiological need increases, so does our psychological drive to reduce it
An effective way to handle anger (in order):
WAIT- gain self-control (counting to 10... or 100)
PRAY- seek the Lord's direction
EVALUATE- is it appropriate or inappropriate
GIVE IT TO GOD- let go and let God handle it
COMMUNICATE CLEARLY- do not accuse but use "I" statements
FORGIVE- forgiveness is a choice/an act of the will
AVOID VENGEANCE- it is God's business
Emotions
They are a gauge not a guide
Esteem 4
Feeling of Accomplishment
extrinsic motivation
behavior performed for rewards or to avoid punishment (external consequences)
factors that promote attraction
proximity, modern matchmaking, physical attractiveness, similarity, reciprocal love
false modesty
downplays praiseworthy achievements, but does so in a way that actually seeks praise
Fear:
can be a poisonous emotion
-preoccupy thoughts
-rob us of sleep
-torment us
foot-in-the-door phenomenon
the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
fundamental attribution error
when analyzing others' behaviors, the tendency to overestimate their personality traits and underestimate the impact of the situation
Gloomy person
Perceive world as a mess
little decisions become BIG decisions
one's whole life seems depressing
glucose
blood sugar that provides energy for the body
grit
passion and perseverance in the pursuit of long-term goals
group polarization
strengthening of a group's preexisting attitudes through discussions within the group
group think
occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
Hans Selye's General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS)
Alarm reaction- mobilizes resources
resistance- cope w/ stress
exhaustion- reserves depleted increase most vulnerable to illness/death
happiness
Jesus
Others
You
happiness
is a choice
Happy person
perceive world as safer
make decision more easily
greater satisfaction with one's whole life
high need for achieving
persistent, eager, motivated, self-disciplined
homeostasis
balanced, constant internal state
hunger
decrease glucose levels + increase insulin levels
hypothalamus
structure in the brain monitoring internal bodily state
incentive
positive/negative stimulus that motivates behavior
instinct
complex behavior that is unlearned with a fixed pattern
insulin
hormone secreted by pancreas that influences appetite
intrinsic motivation
behavior performed for mere satisfaction (internally drive)
James-Lang
we feel emotion after our body's response
Love/Belonging 3
Intimate Relationships, Friends
low need for achieving
passive, lazy, unmotivated, undisciplined
maintaining focus and balance
-Monitor your time
-Monitor your feelings
-Hide friends (online) who are distracting
-when studying, discipline self to silence phone, check 1 per hour
-try a social networking fast
-refocus by taking a nature walk
mood linkage
tendency to absorb and participate in the prevailing mood of people around
motivation
need or desire that energizes behavior
neglected communication w/ God
We have all ---
obesity
BMI of 30 or more
ostracism
deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups
ostracism, physical, psychological, social, physical
when someone experiences --- , it elicits activity in the brain area that activate when one experiences --- pain. ---, we experience --- pain with the same emotional unpleasantness that marks --- pain.
Parasympathetic division (calming)
pupils get smaller, increases salivation, dries skin, decreases, respiration, slows heart, speeds up digestion, decreased stress hormones (adrenal glands), enhanced immune system functioning--- Rest/Digest
persuasion
to win someone over to a course of action by reasoning or convincing
Physical effects of chronic anger
increase B/P, increase risk of heart disease, increase anxiety, increase headaches, decrease immune system
Physiological 1
Food, Water, Rest
physiology, expression, conscious experience
Emotions involve a mixture of:
prejudice
an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members
psychoneuroimmunology
the study of how psychological, neurological, and endocrine processes work together to affect the immune system, especially during stressful times
Responding to stress:
fight or flight, rest and digest, tend and befriend (women-giving support to one another, men-usually withdraw socially during stress
Safety 2
Security
Schachter-Singer
one must be physically aroused and cognitively label the arousal
Self-Actualization
Achieving one's full potential
self-efficiency
a sense that one is competent (Depend on the Lord)
self-handicapping
a strategy of creating obstacles to one's performance, so that future anticipated failure can be blamed on the obstacle rather than lack of one's ability
self-serving bias
tendency to attribute positive events to their own character but attribute negative events to external factors (good = we take credit, bad = blame others)
Self-Transcendence
Sense of Meaning
sensation seekers
motivated by a drive to master emotion and actions (risk takers)
set point
point at which your "weight thermostat" is set - stable weight
significant life changes
life transitions
sinned ... on a daily basis
We have all ---
situational influences on eating
arousing appetite (intense movie/game = 2x snack)
friends + food (presence of others = party w/ food)
serving size is significant (portion size matters)
selections stimulate (food variety stimulates eating)
nudging nutrition (put out veggies/fruit before meal)
social effects of social networking
+ supportive connections
+ provides Info
- time/attention - sucking distractions
- interferes with sleep and exercise
- no face-to-face relationships
- FOMO
- tendency to compare self with others
- promotes narcissism - excessive self-love + self absorption
- excessive time online is associated w/ lower grades
social facilitation
improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others
social loafing
the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward a common goal than when individually accountable
social norms
rules for socially accepted and expected behavior
social psychology
the scientific study of how individuals think about, influence, and relate to one another
Stress
increase vulnerability to illness
unhealthy behaviors (poor diet, decrease exercise, increase risky behaviors
stress
process by which we appraise and respond to threatening/challenging events
stress appraisal
a psychological filter through which we perceive events in life (stress--->appraisal = better, challenge bitter, threat)
stressors
things that push our buttons - challenge or event
stress reactions
physical and emotional responses
Sympathetic division (arousing)
pupils open wider, decreases salivation, perspires skin, increases, respiration, speeds up heart, slows digestion, increased stress hormones (adrenal glands), reduced immune system functioning--- fight/flight and Tend/Befriend
true humility
forgetting me and my accomplishments and seeing the good in others
unfaithfulness, no communication, misdeed
Often times, various circumstances dissolve social ties
willful, unjustified, avoidable
We often become angry when a loved on or friend's misdeed seems to be:
Yerker-Dodson Law
performance increases with arousal only to a point, beyond which performance decreases (moderate arousal will lead to optimal performance)