SOR PRE-1945

what was the arrival and establishment of chrisitnaity?

 Christianity arrived with the First Fleet in 1788.

- Rev. Richard Johnson became Australia's first Anglican chaplain.

- The Church of England (Anglican Church) was the established church of the colony and received government support.

- Churches, schools and charitable organisations were established, helping Christianity spread throughout Australia.

- During the 19th century, immigration from Britain and Ireland increased the number of Catholics, Anglicans and other Protestant denominations.

- By 1945, Christianity was Australia's dominant religion, with churches playing major roles in education, healthcare and welfare.

what was the arrival of other religions pre-1945?

• judaism

• islam

what was Judaisms arrival pre-1945?

- Arrived with the First Fleet (1788) through Jewish convicts.

- Free Jewish settlers followed during the 1800s.

- The York Street Synagogue (Sydney, 1844) was Australia's first synagogue.

- Jewish communities established synagogues, schools and charitable organisations before 1945.

what is Islams arrival pre-1945?

Arrived mainly with the Afghan cameleers (1860s–1920s).

- Cameleers supported inland exploration and transport.

- Established Australia's first Muslim communities.

- Adelaide Mosque (1888) became Australia's first permanent mosque.

what is the definition of sectarianism in australia?

• Sectarianism is prejudice, discrimination or conflict between different Christian denominations, especially between Catholics and Protestants.

what was the causes of sectarianism in Australia?

-  Religious differences between Catholicism and Protestantism.

- Protestant dominance in politics and public life.

- Suspicion of Catholics due to loyalty to the Pope.

- Separate Catholic and Protestant schools, churches and organisations.

- Disagreements over education funding and conscription during World War I.

what was the impact of sectarianism in australia?

 Discrimination against Catholics in employment and politics.

- Limited cooperation between Christian denominations.

- Religious divisions influenced voting and community life.

- Separate education systems strengthened denominational identities.

what is the decline of sectarianism in Australia?

• by 1945

• Shared service during the First and Second World Wars encouraged unity.

  - Increasing urbanisation and migration reduced religious divisions.

  - Greater cooperation between denominations laid the foundations for later ecumenism.

what was Christianity contribution to education in australia?

• Christian churches founded Australia’s first schools following European settlement in 1788.

• Schools provided literacy, numeracy, religious instruction, and moral education.

what was anglicans contribution to education?

• The Church of England dominated early colonial education.

• Received government support and operated many of the colony’s first schools.

what was catholics contribution to education?

• The Roman Catholic Church established an independent Catholic school system to preserve Catholic beliefs and identity.

• Continued expanding schools after the Public Instruction Acts (1880s) removed government funding for church schools.

what was the christianity religious orders that contributed to education in Australia?

• Sisters of St Joseph, led by Mary MacKillop, established schools in rural, remote, and disadvantaged communities.

• Other religious orders also supplied teachers and managed schools throughout Australia.

what is the impact of christianity contribution to education?

• Promoted Christian values, discipline, and moral responsibility alongside academic education.

• Improved access to education, particularly for poorer and rural Australians.

• By 1945, Christian denominations operated extensive networks of schools, making Christianity the dominant influence on Australian education.

what was the temperance movement?

• Christian churches campaigned to reduce alcohol consumption.

• Alcohol was linked to domestic violence, poverty, crime and family breakdown.

• Groups such as the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) promoted abstinence.

what was the s' o’clock closing?

• Protestant churches supported early closing of hotels.

• Intended to reduce drunkenness and protect family life and social order.

• Became an example of Christian values influencing government legislation.

what was the sabbath observance?

• Churches promoted Sunday as a day of worship and rest.

• Opposed unnecessary Sunday trading, gambling and some forms of entertainment.

• Reinforced Christian influence over acceptable public behaviour.

what was the opposition to gambling?

• Many churches viewed gambling as encouraging greed, financial hardship and neglect of family responsibilities.

• Christian groups campaigned for greater restrictions on betting and gaming.

what is the censorship and sexual morality?

• Churches supported restrictions on books, films and publications considered obscene or morally harmful.

• Promoted traditional Christian teachings surrounding marriage, sexuality and family life.

• Contributed to conservative attitudes toward public behaviour.