Types of RNA & Protein Synthesis

DNA

Double Helix, GCAT, Deoxyribose

RNA

Single Helix, GCAU, Ribose

Codon

Three-Nucleotide sequence that codes for a specifc amino acid.

Anti-Codon

Three bases of tRNA complementary to an mRNA codon.

mRNA

(Messenger RNA) = Carries copy of DNA instructions out of the Nucleus → Cytoplasm.

rRNA

(Ribosomal RNA) = Reads mRNA & directs tRNA to bring correct AA. Bonds AA together

tRNA

(Transfer RNA) = Transfers correct AAs to ribosome to make a protein during translation.

ribosomes

rRNA can be found in the…

Translation

Cytoplasm - Instructions in mRNA are used to build in protein

Transcription

Nucleus - DNA is copied into a complementary strand of mRNA

Ribosomes

Organelle responsible for protein synthesis

Ribosomes

What organelle does mRNA bind to in the cytoplasm?

AA

Proteins are composed of 20 different _______

DNA, protein

The order of nucleotides in ___ determines the order of amino acids in a ______.

polypeptide

One gene = 1 …

shape

The ______ of a protein determines its function

phenotype

The proteins that your genes express determine your _______

mRNA

Which one uses U in the line game?

mRNA

Amino Acids’s codes are there for ___

It is processed

What happens to mRNA before it leaves the nucleus?

AA

One codon = 1 …

Ribosome

tRNA brings amino acids to the ______.

leave it blank

If you land on stop code, then that means to

translation

tRNA transfers amino acids during _____

Nucleus

Where is mRNA synthesized?

Introns

DNA sequences not needed to make a protein. They are cut out of RNA

Extrons

DNA sequences that code for proteins. They are pieced together & leave nucleus for translation.

no

Are all DNA in a gene used to make protein?

polypeptide

Long AA chain is also known as a