SDS 101 Unit 1: The Meaning and Nature of Development

Flashcards testing core concepts, definitions, dimensions, and policy frameworks from SDS 101 Unit 1 on Development.

What are the core elements of development beyond mere economic growth?

Development involves the reduction or elimination of poverty, inequality, and unemployment, and meeting basic needs to make a better life for everyone.

How did Joseph Stiglitz define development in his 1998 Prebisch Lecture?

Development represents the transformation of society, moving from traditional relations, ways of thinking, health and education practices, and methods of production toward modern ways.

How did TODARO (1977) define development?

A multidimensional process involving major changes in social structures, popular attitudes, and national institutions, alongside the acceleration of economic growth, reduction of inequality, and reduction of absolute poverty.

What is the distinction between development as a state versus development as a process?

Development as a state or condition is static, whereas development as a process or course of change is dynamic.

What are TODARO's three objectives of development?

1. Raising people's living levels (incomes, consumption, food, medical services, education).
2. Creating conditions conducive to the growth of people's self-esteem through systems promoting human dignity and respect.
3. Increasing people's freedom to choose by enlarging the range of choice variables.

What are the three conditions of development listed in the lecture notes?

1. Adequate supply of food (Food Security)
2. Jobs (Livelihood Activities)
3. Equality and Equity to Liberation

What does the concept of Development of Kalamboan encompass?

It encompasses both material aspirations (modern goods and social mobility) and a desire for a simple life rooted in social relationships and traditional values.

What are the four dimensions of development identified by Bellu?

Economic Development, Human Development, Sustainable Development, and Territorial Development.

What does the endogenous growth model highlight regarding economic development according to Romer (1986)?

It highlights how investment and human activities in general have positive spillover effects on knowledge.

What is Gross National Income (GNI)?

The total amount of money earned by a nation's people and businesses, used to measure and track a nation's wealth from year to year.

What is Gross National Product (GNP)?

A measure of the value of all goods and services produced by a country's residents and businesses.

What is Gross Domestic Product (GDP)?

The total market value of all final goods and services produced by a country's economy during a specified period of time by economic agents located in that country regardless of ownership.

What do the inner and outer rings of Doughnut Economics represent?

The inner ring symbolizes the minimum social foundation to ensure no one is deprived of life's essentials, while the outer ring represents an ecological ceiling that prevents overshooting planetary boundaries.

What are the three criteria used by the UNDP to evaluate Human Development?

1. Long and healthy life (Life expectancy at birth)
2. Knowledge (mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling)
3. Decent standard of living (gross income per capita at purchasing parity)

How is Sustainable Development defined according to Bruntland (1987)?

Development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

What does Territorial Development imply according to FAO (2005)?

Focusing on the assets, potential, and constraints of a specific space or region by exploiting its socio-economic, environmental, and institutional potential and its interrelationships between rural and urban areas.

What is the Ambisyon 2040 vision of Filipinos for the country?

"By 2040, the Philippines shall be a prosperous, predominantly middle-class society where no one is poor. Our peoples will enjoy long and healthy lives, are smart and innovative, and will live in a high-trust society"

What is the focus of The Philippine Development Plan 2023-2028?

A comprehensive and inclusive transformation aimed at improving the quality of life for all Filipinos through economic growth, social progress, and good governance, focusing on poverty reduction, job creation, and equal opportunities.