Applied Science - Bonding & Intermolecular Forces

Ionic Bond

Electrostatic Attraction

Cation

Anion

Ionic Lattice

Covalent Bond

Dative Bond

Lone Pair

Metallic Bond

Delocalised Electrons

Intermolecular Forces

Forces of attraction between separate molecules that don’t involve chemical bonding

Non-Polar Molecule

A molecule with symmetrical electron distribution in every direction

Polar Molecule

A molecule with a non-symmetrical electron distribution resulting in a dipole

Dipole

An uneven distribution of electron density across a chemical bond

London Dispersion Forces

Weak, temporary attractive forces between a temporary dipole and an induced dipole

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract electron density towards itself

Dipole-Dipole Forces

Weak, permanent forces between permanent dipoles.

Van Der Waals

Another name for intermolecular forces

Hydrogen Bond

A strong dipole-dipole interaction between hydrogen and oxygen, nitrogen or fluorine