help me pls man
Studied by 0 people
Knowt Play
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards1/63
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
|---|
No study sessions yet.
64 Terms
How did social change in Europe contribute to European expansion overseas?
Social change in Europe, including technological advances and population growth, contributed to European expansion overseas.
How did the Spanish invasion transform the Americas?
The Spanish invasion transformed the Americas through conquest, colonization, and the introduction of new social and economic systems.
What important differences were there between Spanish, English, and French patterns of colonization?
Spanish colonization focused on conquest and exploitation, English colonization aimed at settlement and agriculture, and French colonization centered on trade, particularly fur.
What was the Roanoke colony?
An English colony that mysteriously disappeared.
Who sponsored the Roanoke settlement?
Sir Walter Raleigh
Who was the governor of the Roanoke colony?
John White
What was the name of the friendly Indian village where the Roanoke colonists may have gone?
Croatoan
What were the primary reasons European colonists came to the Americas?
Plunder and profit
What transformed the world within a generation of Columbus's voyage?
Exchanges of peoples, crops, animals, and germs.
What social system characterized Western Europe before Columbus?
Feudalism
What technological advances increased agricultural productivity in Europe?
Water mills, iron plows, and crop rotation
What did most rural Europeans survive on?
Bread and porridge
What was the Black Death?
bubonic plague
What basic goods were traded during the expansion of commerce in the late Middle Ages?
Minerals, salt, timber, fish, cereals, wool, and wine.
Which Italian city-states launched armed commercial fleets to control Mediterranean trade?
Venice, Genoa, and Pisa
What was the purpose of the Crusades?
Recover the Holy Land from the Muslims
What technical innovations came from China?
The compass, gunpowder, and movable type.
What period of intellectual and artistic flowering occurred from the fourteenth to sixteenth centuries?
Renaissance
hat is the human-centered perspective that celebrated human possibility called?
Humanism
How did the monarchs of western Europe build their legitimacy?
By promising internal order
Which country was the first of the new Renaissance kingdoms to send out explorers?
Portugal
Who established an academy of eminent geographers, instrument makers, shipbuilders, and seamen in Portugal?
Prince Henry the Navigator
What new ship design was developed in Portugal?
Caravel
Which Portuguese captain rounded the southern tip of Africa in 1488?
Bartholomeu Dias.
Who reached India by sea for Portugal?
Vasco da Gama.
What trade did the Portuguese establish?
The Atlantic slave trade.
Who opened a new route to the Indies by sailing west across the Atlantic Ocean?
Christopher Columbus.
Which monarchs of Castile and Aragon financed Columbus's voyage?
Isabel and Ferdinand.
What was one of Columbus's prime goals?
To occupy the islands he found.
Where did Columbus first reach land in the Americas?
The Bahamas; San Salvador
Who was the first to describe the discoveries as a "New World"?
Amerigo Vespucci.
What institution compelled Indians to labor in the service of Spanish lords?
The encomienda.
Who overthrew the Aztec empire?
Hernan Cortes
Which Catholic priest condemned the violence of the conquest in 1511?
Antonio de Montesinos.
Who wrote "The Destruction of the Indies"?
Bartolomé de las Casas.
What was the primary cause of the drastic reduction in native populations?
Epidemic disease.
Who coined the term "Columbian Exchange"?
Alfred Crosby.
What New World crops were brought to Europe?
Maize and potatoes.
Which Spanish conquistador first attempted to extend the Spanish conquest to North America?
Ponce de Leon
What was the name of the North American empire with golden cities rumored by Cabeza de Vaca?
Cibola
Who led an expedition into the South, commandeering food and slaves from the Mississippian towns?
Hernan de Soto.
Who led an expedition into the Southwest in search of golden cities?
Francisco Vásquez de Coronado.
What did the Spanish label mixed-ancestry groups?
Mestizos and mulattoes.
Which country was first to sponsor expeditions to the New World in the early sixteenth century?
France.
Which explorer reached Labrador in 1497?
Giovanni Caboto (John Cabot).
Who explored the St. Lawrence River for France?
Jacques Cartier.
What was the religious revolt against the Roman Catholic Church called?
he Protestant Reformation.
Who initiated the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther.
Who established a Protestant theocracy in Geneva?
Jean Chauvin (John Calvin).
hat were Calvin's followers in France known as?
Huguenots.
Who led the first French colonies as attempts to establish a religious refuge in the New World for Huguenots?
Jean Ribault.
Who did King Philip II of Spain send to crush the Huguenots?
Don Pedro Menéndez de Avilés.
Which English king declared himself head of a separate Church of England?
Henry VIII.
Which English queen reversed course and tolerated a variety of perspectives within the English church?
Elizabeth I.
Who conducted three voyages of exploration in the North Atlantic for England in the late 1570s?
Martin Frobisher.
Who planned the first true colonizing ventures for England?
Humphrey Gilbert and Walter Raleigh
Who violated Spanish regulations by transporting a load of African slaves to the Caribbean for England?
John Hawkins.
Which English privateer launched a series of devastating raids against Spanish New World ports and fleets?
Francis Drake.
Whose work provided the single most accurate description of North American Indians at the moment of their contact with Europeans?
Thomas Harriot and John White.
In what year did Philip II send the Spanish Armada to invade the British Isles?
1588
What is the Renaissance?
The intellectual and artistic flowering in Europe during the fourteenth, fifteenth, and sixteenth centuries sparked by a revival of interest in classical antiquity.
What is the Reconquista?
The long struggle (ending in 1492) during which Spanish Christians reconquered the Iberian peninsula from Muslim occupiers.
What is the Protestant Reformation?
Martin Luther's challenge to the Catholic Church, initiated in 1517, calling for a return to what he understood to be the purer practices and beliefs of the early church.
Who were the Huguenots?
French Protestant religious dissenters who planted the first French colonies in North America.