Cleft Palate Exam 2 Study Guide

Class I Malocclusion

Overbite/underbite with lingual crowding issues.

Class II Malocclusion

Difficulty achieving lip closure for bilabials.

Class III Malocclusion

Problems with lip approximation for bilabials.

Maxillary Collapse - Crossbite

Lateralization of fricatives and affricates.

Maxillary Collapse - Low Palatal Vault

Imprecise articulation of lingual-alveolars.

Open Bite

Impacts multiple phonemes, especially bilabials.

Dental Deviations

Missing teeth cause sibilant distortions.

Otologic Management

Monitor middle ear status in children with CP.

PE Tubes

Used for middle ear fluid management.

Hearing Assessment

Frequent checks for hearing in CP children.

Case History

Specific medical and surgical history for CP.

Standardized Testing

Includes GFTA-3 for speech assessment.

PLS 5

Language assessment tool for infants to 7 years.

Perceptual Analysis

Gold standard for assessing speech intelligibility.

Oral Mechanism Exam

Observes structure and function of oral cavity.

Hypernasality

Excessive nasal resonance during speech.

Surgical Management of VPD

Various surgical options to improve VP function.

Pharyngeal Flap

Best for patients with good lateral wall movement.

Sphincter Pharyngoplasty

Moves faucial pillars for better VP closure.

Furlow Z-plasty

Technique to lengthen the repaired palate.

Nasal Emission

Air escaping through the nose during speech.

VPD Evaluation

Referral criteria based on age and speech.

Assessment Process Steps

Conduct tests, analyze, and interpret findings.

Compensatory Articulations

Altered speech patterns due to structural issues.

Phonetic Inventory

List of phonemes produced by the child.

Error Analysis

Identifies specific speech production errors.

Weak pressure consonants

Consonants produced with insufficient oral pressure.

Nasal emission

Airflow escaping through the nose during speech.

Compensatory articulations

Altered speech sounds due to structural issues.

Delayed speech

Speech development lagging behind age expectations.

Nasal substitutions

Replacing oral sounds with nasal sounds.

Oral distortion of fricatives

Imprecise production of fricative and affricate sounds.

Prosthetic Management

Use of devices to assist velopharyngeal closure.

Obturator

Device for structural deficiencies in VPD.

Palatal lift

Device for neurologic deficiencies in VPD.

Naturalistic approach

Intervention based on real-life communication contexts.

Family-centered intervention

Involvement of family in the intervention process.

Culturally appropriate practices

Interventions tailored to cultural and linguistic backgrounds.

Enhanced Milieu Training

Naturalistic intervention focusing on language development.

Prelinguistic intervention

Focus on communication before speech development.

Parent education

Informing parents about child development milestones.

Low-pressure sounds

Sounds produced with minimal oral pressure.

Presurgery Red Flags

Indicators for intervention before surgery.

Post-Surgery Red Flags

Indicators for intervention after surgery.

Profile 1

Normal VP mechanism; monitor every 6 months.

Profile 2

Delayed speech; normal VP mechanism; expand consonants.

Profile 3

Delayed speech; questionable VP mechanism; focus on pressure consonants.

Profile 4

Normal speech; questionable VP mechanism.

Stickler Syndrome

Characterized by myopia, cleft palate, and hearing loss.

Prader-Willi Syndrome

Features include obesity, hypotonia, and almond-shaped eyes.

22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome

Includes heart defects and cognitive delays.

Treacher Collins Syndrome

Characterized by facial deformities and hearing loss.

Van der Woude Syndrome

Includes lower lip pits and cleft lip/palate.

CHARGE Syndrome

Includes coloboma, heart defects, and growth retardation.

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

Features macroglossia and asymmetrical limb growth.

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder

Characterized by small eye openings and thin upper lip.