Vascular Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

These flashcards cover key concepts related to vascular plant structure, growth, and development, highlighting plant organs, tissue systems, and adaptations.

What are the three basic organs of vascular plants that facilitate efficient resource acquisition?

Roots, Stems, Leaves.

What is the main function of leaves in vascular plants?

To serve as the major photosynthetic organ, intercepting light, exchanging gases, dissipating heat, and defending against herbivores.

What are the two main types of root systems in plants?

Taproot system and fibrous root system.

What are the specialized functions of stem adaptations such as rhizomes and stolons?

Rhizomes serve as underground shoots, while stolons are runners for asexual reproduction.

What are the primary differences between monocots and eudicots?

Monocots have one cotyledon and typically parallel veins; eudicots have two cotyledons and usually branching veins.

What is the role of xylem in the vascular tissue system?

Xylem conducts water and dissolved minerals upward from roots into the shoots.

What is the role of phloem in the vascular tissue system?

Phloem transports sugars from where they are made to where they are needed.

What types of plant cells are part of the ground tissue system?

Parenchyma, Collenchyma, and Sclerenchyma.

What is the purpose of root hairs in the root structure?

Root hairs increase the root surface area for better absorption of water and minerals.

How does natural selection affect plant structure?

Natural selection molds plant structure at the organ, tissue, and cellular levels to support function.