Theology I Semester Two Final Exam 2025 TERMS

te'va

Hebrew for "ark" or "basket"

Passover

The night the Lord passed over the houses of the Israelites marked by the blood of the lamb, and spared the firstborn sons from death. It also is the feast that celebrates the deliverance of the Chosen People from bondage in Egypt and the Exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land.

Temple

a sacred place where the Jewish People gathered to worship God; built by Solomon

Delilah

Samson's wife who was bribed by the Philistines to betray him; cut his hair

Solomon

(Old Testament) son of David and king of Israel noted for his wisdom

Daniel

A major prophet, who didn't get eaten in the lions den

The Ark of the Covenant

Contained a piece of Aaron's staff, a sample of Manna, and the Ten Commandments

Jeremiah

Major prophet who predicts a new covenant despite people's loss of faith and Exile

christos

Greek word for Messiah, "anointed one"

Immanuel

A Hebrew word meaning "God is with us."

zealot

Jewish radicals who wanted someone to conquer them from the Roman rule

dogma

The Catholic truth that all teachings are true

Pontius Pilate

Roman Governer who sentenced Jesus to death

Ba'al

Canaanite god of fertility

Shema

a prayer from the Book of Deuteronomy reminding the Jewish people to love God with all their heart, soul, and strength

Mystery

A truth about God and his saving plan that will always be beyond human understanding

Euongelion

good news, Gospel

senses of scripture

Two basic ways the Bible should be read: literal and spiritual

typology

the study and interpretation of types and symbols, originally especially in the Bible.

Joshua (y'shua)

Moses' successor who led the Israelites into the Promised Land

Moses

(Old Testament) the Hebrew prophet who led the Israelites from Egypt across the Red sea on a journey known as the Exodus

Saul

First king of Israel

Nebuchadnezzar

A Babylonian king who caused the Babylonian Exile

Judges

Temporary leaders appointed by God to lead the people of Israel when enemies oppressed them.

mashiach

Messiah, anointed one

prophet

a person who speaks on the behalf of God

incarnation

God becoming man

hypostatic union

The union of Jesus Christ's divine and human natures in one Divine Person.

caiaphas

The reigning high priest who had been appointed by the Roman government.

polytheism

Belief in many gods

beatitude

The prayer Jesus gave to us on how to act to one another

phylactery

a small leather box containing Hebrew texts on vellum, worn by Jewish men at morning prayer as a reminder to keep the law

Origin late Middle English: via late Latin from Greek phulaktērion 'amulet,' from phulassein 'to guard.'

nicodemus

An influential Pharisee who came by night to hear Jesus' teachings. He defended Jesus when the other Pharisees attacked him, and finally became an open disciple of Jesus after the Crucifixion.

mashah

Moses' name came from a Hebrew word meaning "to draw"

tabernacle

A portable tent where the Israelites worshiped in the desert

Samson

A judge of Israel with "super strength", got his hair cut and lost it

David

Second king of Israel who was loved by God, designed the Temple, and had an affair with his best friend's wife

Samuel

The last of the Judges, and the man chosen by God to anoint Saul and David kings for Israel.

Babylonian Exile

The period in Israelite history during which the Israelites of the ancient kingdom of Judah were held in captivity as slaves in Babylon. The period began with the Babylonians' destruction of the Temple and the city of the Jerusalem in 587 BC and lasted until 539 BC.

Zedekiah

Last king of Judah

nabi

Hebrew word meaning "to bubble over"

Book of Consolation

Chapters 40-55 of Isaiah, which aim to raise the people's hopes

trinus

Latin for threefold

cubit

length of a man's forearm

pharisee

a member of an ancient Jewish sect, distinguished by strict observance of the traditional and written law, and commonly held to have pretensions to superior sanctity.

Judas

Apostle who betrayed Jesus

monotheism

Belief in one God

atonement

sacrificing of an animal in place of us for our sins

mezuzah

meaning "doorpost," a small parchment containing Jewish scripture, usually the Sh'ma, that is placed in a case on or near the right doorframe at the home of an observant Jew.

redeemer

The expected Messiah (Jesus Christ), the one whom God promised would come and save his people from their sins.