ATI Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam

Which of the following structures is located between the descending colon and the rectum?

Sigmoid Colon

Which of the following substances is involved in the destruction of ingested pathogens?

Stomach Acid

Which of the following is the iron-containing component of a red blood cell?

Hemoglobin

Calcium concentration in the blood is controlled by which of the following glands?

Parathyroid

Which of the following types of muscle tissue is under voluntary control?

Skeletal

Which of the following is the hormone that regulates urine output?

Antidiuretic

Which of the following is a function of the gallbladder?

Storage of bile

Which of the following is the function of the ureters?

To conduct urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Which part of the brain regulates heart rate, respiratory rate, and blood pressure?

Medulla oblongata

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the posterior pituitary gland?

Antidiuretic hormone

Which of the following is associated with wound healing by primary intention?

Minimal scar tissue

Which of the following is a role of platelets in hemostasis?

Formation of plugs

Which of the following tissues connects bones to joints?

Ligaments

Which of the following is a result of stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system?

Increased cardiac output

Which of the following occurs as a result of the release of antidiuretic hormone?

Fluid volume in the body increases

The release of histamine is associated with which of the following?

Mast cells

Which of the following pituitary hormones stimulates the process of gametogenesis?

Follicle stimulating hormone

Which of the following is the average length of the female urethra?

1 to 1.5 inches

Which of the following is the correct order of the protective meningeal layers of the brain from inside to outside?

Pia mater, arachnoid, dura mater

Which of the following hormones or enzymes is involved in fluid balance and is produced by the kidneys?

Renin

Which part of the nephron is closest to the collecting duct?

Distal convoluted tubule

Blood pH is measured by the gain and loss of which of the following?

Hydrogen

Which of the following cardiac valves prevents blood from returning to the left ventricle of the heart?

Aortic

In the process of wound healing, which of the following plays a role in clearing a wound of cellular debris?

Neutrophils

Which of the following is the function of angiotensin II in the regulation of blood pressure?

Vascontriction

Which of the following tissues attaches muscle to bone?

Tendon

Which of the following is a wax-like substance secreted by glands in the external ear canal?

Cerumen

Where are nutrients absorbed when transported into the bloodstream?

Small Intestine

Which of the following functions is associated with the dermal layer of the skin?

Collagen formation

An occurrence of too high of a concentration of which of the following electrolytes is associated with cardiac arrhythmias?

Potassium

Which of the following may indicate a hypersecretion of thyroid hormones?

Weight Loss

After passing through the glottis, inspired air then travels through which of the following structures?

Larynx

Which of the following types of cells is primarily responsible for the destruction of old cells and invasive micro-organisms?

Macrophages

Which of the following is the measurement of the percentage of red blood cells in whole blood?

Hematocrit

Which of the following blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood to the right atrium of the heart?

Superior and inferior vena cavae

Which of the following parts of the central nervous system is responsible for the control of involuntary respirations?

Medulla oblongata

Which of the following structures prevents food from being aspirated into the lungs?

Epiglottis

Which of the following describes the event of ovulation?

The graafian follicle releases an ovum.

Straightening the elbow by lowering the hand affects which of the following muscles?

Triceps brachii

Production of which of the following is a function of the prostate gland?

Substance to enhance sperm motility

In a normally functioning cardiovascular system, where does the heartbeat originate?

Sinoatrial node

Which of the following valves prevents backflow of blood from the right ventricle into the right atrium of the heart?

Tricuspid

Which of the following structures comes after the ascending colon?

Transverse colon

Which of the following is a result of the process of meiosis?

Sperm and ova are produced.

Breastfeeding of an infant provides which of the following types of immunity?

Natural Passive

Which of the following ions is most abundant in extracellular fluid?

Sodium

Which of the following occurs at the beginning of systole in a healthy heart?

The ventricles contract.

Which of the following is a structure of the inner ear?

Cochlea

Blood cells are produced by which of the following?

Red bone marrow

Which of the following structures of the gastrointestinal system absorbs iron and bile salts?

Ileum

Which of the following is a function of the liver?

Lipid metabolism

An individual with which of the following blood types can receive only blood of that same type?

Type O

When blood leaves the left ventricle of the heart, which of the following structures does it enter next?

Aorta

Which of the following hormones is produced by the thyroid gland and is active in calcium metabolism?

Calcitonin

Which of the following mediates the body's response to stress?

Cortisol

Which of the following structures, located at the end of the ear canal, vibrates when sound waves strike it?

Tympanic membrane

A normal adult bladder has the capacity to hold up to how many mL of urine before involuntary micturition is likely to occur?

600

Testosterone production is regulated by which of the following glands?

Pituitary

Which of the following is the effect of aldosterone secretion on electrolyte levels?

Sodium levels are increased.

Which of the following does the respiratory system eliminate when there is an excess of hydrogen ions in the body?

Carbon dioxide

Which of the following structures of the respiratory system is the site of gas exchange?

Alveoli

Which of the following electrolytes plays an essential role in the clotting of blood?

Calcium

Which of the following is responsible for the regulation of body temperature?

Hypothalamus

Which of the following is a structure that filters foreign particles from lymphatic fluid?

Nodes

Which of the following bones is a component of the appendicular skeleton?

Symphysis pubis

Which of the following is a site of sperm maturation in the male reproductive system?

Epididymis

Which of the following is the function of surfactant in the alveoli of the lungs?

Prevention of alveoli collapse

Bile aids in the digestion of which of the following?

Fat

Which of the following antibody types mediates the body's response to an allergen?

IgE

Peripheral vasodilation results in heat loss through which of the following processes?

Radiation