Practice Flashcards: Brilliant Minds, Flower Festivals, World Travellers, and Social Reformers

Vocabulary-style practice flashcards identifying significant Indian figures in science and reform, international flower festivals, and world travellers as described in the lecture notes.

Dr APJ Abdul Kalam..

Great scientist, outstanding teacher, and former President of India known as the 'Missile Man of India' who launched satellite SLV-III and brought missiles AGNI and PRITHVI into existence.

Homi J Babha

The first chairperson of India's Atomic Energy Commission under whose direction the first atomic energy reactor started operating in Bombay (Mumbai); also known for work in cosmic radiations.

Patanjali

An eminent sage known as the 'Father of Yoga' who compiled 'Yog Sutras' and worked extensively on Ayurveda.

Babindranath tagore

A pioneer of Bengali literature and music whose compositions were chosen as national anthems by India and Bangladesh; the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize for literature.

Jagdish Chandra Bose

A Bengali botanist, biologist, and physicist who was the first Indian to work on radio microwave optics and made great contributions to plant science.

Swami Vivekananda

A great Hindu saint and religious leader who founded the Ramakrishna Mission and introduced Hindu philosophy to western countries.

Arya Bhata

Mathematician and astronomer of the classical age who worked on the place value system, identified the value of pi ($\pi$), introduced 'sine', and stated that Earth is spherical.

Srinivasa Namnohuy.ah

An Indian mathematician with no formal training who made extraordinary contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and fractions.

Vikram Sarabhai

The father of the Indian space program who established ISRO and was instrumental in launching India's first satellite, Aryabhata, in $1975$.

Rose Parade

A world-famous flower festival celebrated in the USA.

Bloemencorso

A flower festival celebrated in The Netherlands.

Genzano Infiorata Flower Festival

A famous flower festival held in Italy.

Batalla de Flores

A flower festival held in Spain.

Cherry Blossom Festival

A flower festival celebrated in Japan.

Spalding Flower Parade

A flower festival held in the UK.

Festa da Flor

A flower festival held in Portugal.

Vasco da Gama

Portuguese traveller and explorer who reached Indian shores at Calicut (Kerala) in $1498$ and opened the 'Spice Route' to Europe.

Al-Biruni

Iranian scholar who arrived in India with Mahmud Ghaznavi and documented his experience in Tahqeeq-e-Hind.

Megasthenes

Greek ambassador who travelled to Kerala in $302\text{ BCE}$ and wrote the work 'Indica'.

Christopher Columbus

Italian explorer, navigator, and coloniser who landed in America and ushered in a new age of European exploration.

Ibn Battuta

Moroccan traveller in India from $1333$ to $1342$ whose records include administrative details of Muhammad bin Tughluq.

Roald Amundsen

Norwegian explorer who led the first expedition to reach both the North Pole and the South Pole.

Marco Polo

Italian trader-explorer who arrived in India between $1292$-$94$ during his 13th-century world travels.

Hiuen Tsang

Explorer who studied Buddhist teachings in India for $14$ years and took $657$ Buddhist texts back to his country.

Fa-Hien

The first Chinese monk to travel to India in search of Buddhist scriptures, providing travel accounts along the silk route.

James Cook

Royal Navy captain and navigator who discovered the East coast of Australia and mapped islands from New Zealand to Hawaii.

Raja Ram Mohan Roy

Known as the Father of Modern India, he was a social reformer who opposed practices like Sati and child marriage.

Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

A strong advocate of women's education who played a key role in the passing of the Widow Remarriage Act, $1856$.

Jyotiba Phule

Founder of the Satyashodhak Samaj who worked to promote equality and fight caste discrimination.

Swami Dayanand Saraswati

Founder of the Arya Samaj who advocated for a return to the Vedas for spiritual and social guidance.

Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

The Architect of the Indian Constitution who worked for the rights of the Dalits and oppressed classes.