biology

Metabolism

Obtaining and using energy from chemical reactions. Ex. An owl (predator) eating prey

Evolution

Gradual change in characteristics in a population over many generations that allows them to adapt to their environment. Ex neck length increasing over time in giraffe populations. Adaptions = access to food.

Cell

Basic building blocks off all living things. Example - red blood cell

DNA

Bio molecule that contains genetic instructions for development, functioning, reproduction. Example- DNA is the blueprint for creating humans! Used to indemnify organisms

Homeostasis

Living things strive to maintain stable inner conditions.

Ex. Thermoregulation

(Temperature regulation).

Ex. Sweating when hot

Ex. Shiver/goosebumps when cold

Stimulus

Change in abiotic factors (moisture,temperature) which triggers a response of living organisms. Ex birds migrating south when temperatures lower and daylight hours shorten

Metamorphosis

Changing forms throughout lifetime from immature to mature physical forms in two or more stages. Example tadpole-Frog

Growth and development

Organisms grow by producing more cells (mitosis=cell division = make more cells) and producing specialized cells (stem cells-nerve cells) ex child-teenager-adult

Sexual reproduction

A process where offspring inherit genetic material from two parents, leading to a mix of genes in the offspring. Ex. Meiosis= cell division which creates genetically different sex cells (egg & sperm)

Asexual reproduction

Obtaining and using energy from chemical reactions. Example sea star dividing to make genetically identical offspring.

Experimental design

Using sets of scientific procedures to research natural phenomena. Example clinical traits- set up experiments with chromosomes (same) and experiment (changes)

Hypothesis

Tentative answer to a research question. Example starts with “I predict that…” If…. Then”

“I hypothesize….”

Experimental steps

Materials list (bullet) and procedure (numbered, step-by-steps) Ex. Describe everything you do in your experiment, starting with materials then describe carefully in numbered order, what you do and when.

Data collection

Table or chart to record numeric data.

Data analysis

Graph or pie chart that describes trends in data

Independent variable

Manipulated or changed variable, found on x-axis on graph (variable that is changed) ex. Amount of water

Dependent variable

Responding variable. Found on the y axis on graph. Example variable affected by the change/size of plant, number of leaves living or dead.

Experimental group

Components of lab that does not change

Control group

Components of lab that does change according to experimental group

T.A.I.L.S

Memo if used to help remember graphing components. Ex. T- Title, A-axis, I, intervals, L, labels, s-scales.

Dry mix

Menominc way used to help remember graphing components and order of operations. Example. D-dependent, R-response, y-axis, M-manipulate, I- independent, x-axis.