Grade 6 Mathematics Vocabulary Flashcards

Flashcards covering key mathematical definitions, rules, and vocabulary from the Grade 6 Mathematics Teacher Guide.

Set (समूह)

A well-defined collection of distinct objects.

Listing Method (सूचीकरण विधि)

A method of representing a set by listing all its elements inside curly brackets separated by commas.

Description Method (व्याख्या विधि)

A method of representing a set by describing the common property of its members using words or sentences.

Set-builder Method (समूह निर्माण विधि)

A method of representing a set by using a variable $x$ to state the common defining property of all its members.

Natural Numbers (प्राकृतिक सङ्ख्याहरू)

Counting numbers denoted by $N = \{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, \dots\}$.

Whole Numbers (पूर्ण सङ्ख्याहरू)

The set of natural numbers including zero, denoted by $W = \{0, 1, 2, 3, 4, \dots\}$, where the smallest whole number is $0$.

Digits (अङ्क)

The ten basic numerical symbols $0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9$ used to write any number in our number system.

Divisibility Rule for 2

A number is divisible by $2$ if its unit place digit is an even number ($0, 2, 4, 6,$ or $8$).

Divisibility Rule for 3

A number is divisible by $3$ if the sum of all its digits is divisible by $3$.

Divisibility Rule for 5

A number is divisible by $5$ if its unit place digit is either $0$ or $5$.

Factor (गुणनखण्ड)

A number that divides a given number completely without leaving a remainder.

Multiple (अपवर्त्य)

A number obtained by multiplying a given number by whole numbers.

Prime Factorization (रूढ खण्डीकरण)

The process of expressing a composite number as a product of prime numbers only.

Factor Tree (गुणनखण्डको वृक्षचित्र)

A diagrammatic representation used to break down a number into its prime factors.

Square Number (वर्ग सङ्ख्या)

A number obtained by multiplying a whole number by itself.

Square Root (वर्गमूल)

The original number that, when multiplied by itself, produces the given square number.

Highest Common Factor / HCF (महत्तम समापवर्तक / म.स.)

The greatest common factor that exactly divides two or more given numbers.

Lowest Common Multiple / LCM (लघुत्तम समापवर्त्य / ल.स.)

The smallest common multiple shared by two or more given numbers.

Integers (पूर्णाङ्क)

The set of numbers consisting of negative whole numbers, zero, and positive whole numbers, denoted by $Z = \{\dots, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, \dots\}$.

Point of Origin (उद्गम बिन्दु)

The point labeled $0$ on a number line or $(0,0)$ on a coordinate grid.

Equivalent Fractions (समतुल्य भिन्न)

Fractions that represent the exact same value or portion of a whole.

Rounding Off (शून्यान्त)

The process of approximating a number or decimal value to a specified place value.

Percentage (प्रतिशत)

A fraction with a denominator of $100$, represented by the symbol $\%$, indicating parts per hundred.

Cost Price / C.P. (क्रय मूल्य)

The amount paid to purchase an item.

Selling Price / S.P. (विक्रय मूल्य)

The amount received when an item is sold.

Profit (नाफा)

The financial gain achieved when selling price is greater than cost price, calculated as $\text{Profit} = \text{S.P.} - \text{C.P.}$.

Loss (नोक्सान)

The financial loss incurred when cost price is greater than selling price, calculated as $\text{Loss} = \text{C.P.} - \text{S.P.}$.

Unitary Method (ऐकिक नियम)

A problem-solving technique of finding the value of a single unit first to calculate the value of a required quantity.

Perimeter (परिमिति)

The total boundary length surrounding a two-dimensional shape.

Perimeter of a Rectangle

The total boundary length of a rectangle, calculated using $P = 2(l + b)$.

Perimeter of a Square

The total boundary length of a square, calculated using $P = 4l$.

Area of a Rectangle (आयताकार सतहको क्षेत्रफल)

The amount of surface enclosed by a rectangle, calculated as $A = l \times b$.

Area of a Square (वर्गाकार सतहको क्षेत्रफल)

The amount of surface enclosed by a square, calculated as $A = l^2$.

Volume of a Cuboid (षड्मुखाको आयतन)

The amount of 3D space occupied by a cuboid, calculated using $V = l \times b \times h$.

Volume of a Cube (घनको आयतन)

The amount of 3D space occupied by a cube, calculated using $V = l^3$.

Exponent / Power (घाताङ्क)

A number that indicates how many times a base number or variable is multiplied by itself.

Base (आधार)

The number or variable that is multiplied repeatedly in exponent notation.

Coefficient (गुणाङ्क)

The numerical factor multiplied by a variable in an algebraic term.

Constant (अचल राशि)

A mathematical symbol or quantity that has a fixed numerical value.

Variable (चल राशि)

A symbol or letter used to represent an unknown or changing value.

Like Terms (सजातीय पद)

Algebraic terms that have identical variables raised to identical exponents.

Unlike Terms (विजातीय पद)

Algebraic terms that have different variables or different exponents.

Equation (समीकरण)

A mathematical statement asserting the equality of two algebraic expressions connected by an equals sign ($=$).

Intersecting Lines (प्रतिच्छेदित रेखाहरू)

Lines that cross or meet each other at a common point.

Perpendicular Lines (लम्ब रेखाहरू)

Two intersecting lines that form a right angle ($90^\circ$) at their intersection point.

Parallel Lines (समानान्तर रेखाहरू)

Lines in the same plane that never intersect and maintain a constant perpendicular distance between them.

Perpendicular Bisector (लम्बार्धक)

A line that intersects a line segment at its midpoint at an angle of $90^\circ$.

Acute Angle (न्यूनकोण)

An angle measuring greater than $0^\circ$ and less than $90^\circ$.

Right Angle (समकोण)

An angle measuring exactly $90^\circ$.

Obtuse Angle (अधिककोण)

An angle measuring greater than $90^\circ$ and less than $180^\circ$.

Straight Angle (सिधाकोण)

An angle measuring exactly $180^\circ$.

Reflex Angle (बृहत्कोण)

An angle measuring greater than $180^\circ$ and less than $360^\circ$.

Angle Bisector (कोणको अर्धक)

A ray or line segment that divides an angle into two equal parts.

Equilateral Triangle (समबाहु त्रिभुज)

A triangle in which all three sides are equal in length and all angles measure $60^\circ$.

Isosceles Triangle (समद्विबाहु त्रिभुज)

A triangle in which two sides are equal in length.

Scalene Triangle (विषमबाहु त्रिभुज)

A triangle in which all three sides have different lengths.

Acute-angled Triangle (न्यूनकोणी त्रिभुज)

A triangle in which all three internal angles are acute angles.

Right-angled Triangle (समकोणी त्रिभुज)

A triangle in which one internal angle measures exactly $90^\circ$.

Obtuse-angled Triangle (अधिककोणी त्रिभुज)

A triangle in which one internal angle is an obtuse angle.

Parallelogram (समानान्तर चतुर्भुज)

A quadrilateral whose opposite sides are parallel and equal.

Rhombus (समबाहु चतुर्भुज)

A parallelogram in which all four sides are equal in length.

Trapezium (समलम्ब चतुर्भुज)

A quadrilateral having only one pair of opposite sides parallel.

Circle (वृत्त)

A 2D closed curved shape formed by all points in a plane equidistant from a fixed center point.

Center of Circle (केन्द्रबिन्दु)

The fixed interior point equidistant from every point on the circumference of a circle.

Radius (अर्धव्यास)

A line segment connecting the center of a circle to any point on its circumference.

Circumference (परिधि)

The continuous perimeter or outer boundary length of a circle.

Chord (जीवा)

A line segment connecting any two distinct points on the circumference of a circle.

Diameter (व्यास)

A chord passing through the center of a circle, which is the longest chord and twice the length of the radius ($d = 2r$).

Sector (क्षेत्रक)

The region enclosed by two radii and the arc between them in a circle.

Semicircle (अर्धवृत्त)

Half of a circle formed by dividing a circle along its diameter.

Arc (चाँप)

Any continuous portion of the circumference of a circle.

Face (सतह / मोहडा)

A flat surface of a three-dimensional solid object, denoted by $F$.

Edge (किनारा)

A line segment formed where two faces of a 3D solid object meet, denoted by $E$.

Vertex (कुना / शीर्षबिन्दु)

A corner point where two or more edges of a 3D solid object meet, denoted by $V$.

Euler's Formula for Solids

The mathematical relationship $F + V - E = 2$ connecting the faces ($F$), vertices ($V$), and edges ($E$) of a polyhedral solid.

Cylinder (बेलना)

A 3D solid having two identical parallel circular bases connected by a single curved surface.

Cone (सोली)

A 3D solid having a flat circular base that tapers to a single vertex.

Sphere (गोला)

A round 3D solid object with no flat faces or vertices, where every surface point is equidistant from the center.

Coordinates (निर्देशाङ्क)

An ordered pair of numbers $(x, y)$ defining the exact position of a point on a coordinate grid.

Quadrants (चतुर्थाँशहरू)

The four regions created when the $X$-axis and $Y$-axis intersect at the origin in a Cartesian plane.

Symmetric Figure (सममितीय चित्र)

A figure that can be divided into two identical matching halves along a line.

Axis of Symmetry (सममितिको अक्ष)

The line along which a shape can be folded to divide it into two identical halves.

Tessellation (टेसेलेसन)

A pattern formed by repeating geometric shapes covering a plane without any gaps or overlaps.

Frequency Table (बारम्बारता तालिका)

A tabular arrangement showing data items, tally marks, and their corresponding frequencies.

Bar Graph (स्तम्भ चित्र)

A visual display of categorical data using vertical or horizontal rectangular bars of equal width and uniform spacing.