Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disease States

Comprehensive vocabulary flashcards covering drug classes, agents, and treatment approaches for RA, Psoriasis, IBD, SLE, and MS based on lecture notes.

Rheumatoid Arthritis

An inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation of the joints, bilateral joint stiffness in hand/wrist/ankle/feet, warmth/swelling, and morning stiffness for $30+$ minutes.

csDMARD

Conventional synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs used for RA, including Methotrexate, Hydroxychloroquine, Leflunomide, and Sulfasalazine.

bDMARD

Biologic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs including TNF Inhibitors like Adalimumab (Humira) and Infliximab (Remicade), and Anti CD-20 agents like Rituximab (Rituxan).

tsDMARD

Targeted synthetic Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs, specifically JAK Inhibitors such as Tofacitinib (Xeljanz) and Upadacitinib (Rinvoq).

RA Treatment Phase 1

Initial treatment involving Methotrexate (MTX) plus short term steroids; Hydroxychloroquine is used if MTX is contraindicated.

RA Treatment Target Timeline

First follow up at $1$ month, changes to therapy at $3$ months, and the target should be met at $6$ months.

Psoriasis

Inflammation of the skin presenting as plaques (red skin lesions) with flaky, silvery scales that are often itchy.

Calcineurin inhibitors (Psoriasis)

Topical agents used for psoriasis, such as Tacroliumus, typically applied for a duration of $4-8$ weeks.

Vitamin D3 Analogs

Topical psoriasis agents such as Calcipotriol and Calcitriol used for maintenance therapy.

IL-17 Inhibitors

A class of biologics for psoriasis represented by Secukinumab (Cosentyx).

IL-23 Inhibitor

A class of biologics for psoriasis and IBD represented by Risankizumab (Skyrizi).

IL-23/12 Inhibitor

A class of biologics for psoriasis and IBD represented by Ustekinumab (Stelara).

IBD

Chronic inflammation of the GI tract characterized by diarrhea, frequent bowel movements, abdominal pain, fatigue, fever, and weight loss.

Integrin Inhibitor

A drug class for IBD and MS; examples include Vedolizumab (Entyvio) for IBD and Natalizumab (Tysabri) for MS.

Aminosalicylate

A drug class used only for Ulcerative Colitis, specifically Mesalamine/5-ASA.

S1P Receptor Modulator

Sphingosine $1$-phosphate receptor modulators such as Ozanimod (Zeposia), used for UC and MS.

Budesonide (ER/DR)

An extended or delayed release corticosteroid used only for Chron’s Disease.

UC Induction by Disease Location

Proctitis uses suppositories, Left-sided uses enemas, and Extensive disease uses PO (oral) administration of Mesalamine/5-ASA.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

An autoimmune disease associated with autoantibody production affecting multiple organs, characterized by symptoms like Malar (butterfly) rash and arthritis.

SLE Vaccine Protocol

Non-live vaccines should be given $2$ weeks before immunosuppressants; Live vaccines should be given $4$ weeks before.

BLyS Inhibitor

B-lymphocyte stimulator inhibitor used for SLE, specifically Belimumab (Benlysta).

Lupus nephritis

A manifestation of SLE where clinicians look for proteinuria; Class VI requires dialysis and/or kidney transplant.

Lupus Nephritis Triple Therapy

Treatment for Classes III, IV, and V consisting of Glucocorticoids, Mycophenolate, and Belimumab (Benlysta) or a calcineurin inhibitor.

MS Hug

A symptom of Multiple Sclerosis clinically referred to as dysesthesia.

Anti-CD52

A biologic class for Multiple Sclerosis represented by Alemtuzumab (Lemtrada).

Beta Interferons

Agents used for Multiple Sclerosis including Interferon beta-1a (Avonex) and Interferon beta-1b (Betaseron).

Glatiramer Acetate (Copaxone)

A 'Myelin Decoy' agent used as a Disease Modifying Therapy (DMT) for Multiple Sclerosis.

Teriflunomide (Aubagio)

A Pyrimidine Synthesis Inhibitor used as a Disease Modifying Therapy (DMT) for Multiple Sclerosis.

PLEX

Plasma exchange or plasmaphoresis used for the management of MS exacerbations or relapses.

MS Top down Strategy

A treatment approach using higher-efficacy agents initially, such as Anti-CD20, Anti-CD52, or Integrin Inhibitors.