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Disaster
Serious disruption of the functioning of a community involving widespread human, material, economic, or environmental losses and impacts.
Risk
Potential disaster losses in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets and services, which could occur in a particular community over some specified future time period.
Hazard
Dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods, economic disruption, or environmental damage.
Vulnerability
Characteristics of a community that make it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.
Capacity
Combination of all the strengths, attributes, and resources available within a community that can be used to achieve agreed goals.
Political, economic, physical, social, environmental factors
Factors that can affect vulnerability of a community
Political will and commitment to developmental concerns, lack of access to resources, infrastructure, basic services and information
Political factors
Poverty, economic status, poverty eradication and creation of sustainable livelihoods
Economic factors
Access to suitable land, proper housing design, building materials and accessibility of emergency services, poor physical environment
Physical factors
Level of education, training, safety and security, information and awareness, cultural beliefs, traditional values, lack of awareness and access to information
Social factors
Scarcity of resources in a community
Environmental factors
Disaster risk reduction
Concept and practice of reducing disaster risks through analysis and management of the casual factors of disasters.
Prevention, mitigation, adaptation
Components of disaster risk reduction
Preparedness, relief, recovery
Components of disaster management
Prevention
Outright avoidance of adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters through actions taken in advance.
Mitigation
Lessening or limitation of the adverse impacts of hazards and related disasters.
Adaptation
Adjustment in natural or human systems in response to actual or expected climatic stimuli or their effects, which moderates harm or exploits beneficial opportunities.
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
UNFCCC
Preparedness
Knowledge and capacities developed by governments, professional response and recovery organizations, and individuals to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from the impacts of likely or current hazards.
Response
Provision of emergency services and public assistance during or immediately after a disaster to save lives, reduce health impacts, and ensure public safety and meet the basic subsistence needs of the people affected.
Recovery
Restoration and improvement where appropriate, of facilities, livelihoods of disaster-affected communities.
Social science, natural science, recent studies on disaster risk
Factors that contributed to the change of views in disaster
Community-based disaster risk management
Way of analyzing risks and conducting DRM that both originates from and is organized by local communities.
Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity Assessments
Important process of CBDRM to identify vulnerable groups, what makes them vulnerable and how they are affected, assess their needs and capacities, and ensure that projects and policies address these.
Disaster prevention and mitigation, disaster preparedness, disaster response, disaster rehabilitation and recovery
Four themes in disaster risk reduction management framework
Prevention and mitigation, preparedness
Disaster risk reduction in national and local plans and programs (e.g. hazard and risk mapping)
Preparedness and response
Activities related to ensuring that people are prepared and response will be carried out efficiently and effectively.
Response, rehabilitation and recovery
Restoration of life lines and basic infrastructure; early recovery
Rehabilitation and recovery, prevention and mitigation
Long term recovery and prevention and mitigation—building back better
Water, food, tools, personal effects and hygiene kit, important family documents and money, first aid kit
Items in a disaster survival kit