memory ap psych vocab

effortful processing

requires attention to encode

automatic processing

unconscious encoding

shallow processing

appearance of words/sounds rather than meaning

deep processing

encoding strategy that involves understanding based on meaning

chunking

grouping items into groups to help encode

mnemonics

memory aids; acronyms, rhymes to help with encoding

method of loci

an type of encoding that associates items with specific locations

serial position effect

recalling the first and last items in a list and forgetting the middle encoding

primacy effect

recalling first items in a list only encoding

recency effect

recalling most recent items in a list

categories and hierarchies

organizing information into groups for better encoding

massed vs distributed practice

cramming vs spaced studying to help with encoding

sensory memory

brief storage:iconic,visual, echoic,sound

short term memory

holds a few items briefly

working memory

active processing; central executive, phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad

long term memory

permanent storage; explicit-conscious/implicit-unconscious automatic influence of past experience on behavior,procedural,episodic, semantic autobiographical memory storage for extended periods

maintenance rehearsal

repeating info to keep active

elaborative rehearsal

linking info to to meaning

memory consolidation

stablizing memory which usually happens during sleep-solidifying for long-term

hippocampus

forms new explicit memories-concious intentional recall of facts and events

long term potentiation

strengthening numeral connections

alzheimer’s disease

memory loss disorder-brain deterioration