Exam #2 Instrument Ground: Airports, Airspace, and Flight Information

Touchdown Zone

• First 3,000’ 

• Markings every 500’

Aiming Point Marker

• Replaces 2^nd touchdown zone mark

• 1,000’ from threshold

• Fixed Distance Marker

Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO)

• Must stop before crossing runway

• May be present at intersecting runways

• On towered fields, may be given clearance

  • Student pilots cannot accept

  • Pilot may decline

Hold markings for Instrument Landing System (ILS)

• Ladder shaped yellow markings

• On the taxiway prior to hold short sign

• If instructed by ATC, stop before

Location Sign

Current location is black sign with yellow type

Direction Signs

-Arrows show direction to other taxiways at intersections

-Yellow sign with black type

Destination signs

Arrow shows direction to the listed destination

Hold Position for Taxiway/Taxiway Intersections

Single yellow dashed line

Class A

• IFR only

• Mode C Transponder

• ADS-B Out

Class B

• Clearance

• 2-way radio communication

• Mode-C

• ADS-B Out

Class C

• 2-way radio communication

• Mode C Transponder

• ADS-B Out

Class D

• 2-way radio communication

Class E Defined

• 14,500’ MSL up to, but not including 18,000’ MSL + above FL600

  • 700’ AGL and above in domestic airspace at airports with instrument approaches 

  • 1,200’ AGL and above for airspace transitioning from enroute to terminal environment and airspace in conjunction with airways

  • Surface at designated airports

Class E requirements

• DME or at/above FL240

• Mode C transponder in Mode C veil around Class B, above Class C and B, at and above 10,000’ MSL

• ADS-B Out in Mode C veil around Class B, above Class C and B, at and above 10,000’ MSL, Gulf of Mexico at and above 3,000’ MSL out to 12 NM

Class G

• Technically, no flight plan needed for IFR operations

• Mode C Transponder within Mode C veil around Class B, at and above 10,000’ MSL

• ADS-B Out within Mode C veil around Class B

ATIS

• Continuous Broadcast

• Updated upon receipt of hourly and special weather and when there is a change in pertinent data

• Ceiling and sky condition may be omitted when above 5,000/5

NOTAMs

• D – disseminated for all navigational facilities, public use aerodromes, seaplane bases, and heliports. (AIRPORT)

• FDC – disseminate regulatory information, including instrument approaches (AIRSPACE)

Chart Supplement

Includes airport information

-Like Hot Spots