HISTORY CHAPTER 8-11

Augustus inaugurated a period of peace and prosperity known as this.

Pax Romana

For the first 250 years of its existence, Rome was ruled by these kings

Etruscan

The Roman Empire and government structure were built out of a fear of this

Monarchy

He was the last of the Five Good Emperors.

Marcus Aurelius

Which of these was NOT part of the government of Republican Rome?

Emperor

He is the first emperor of Rome

Augustus

Rome fought with this city-state in three conflicts called the Punic Wars.

Carthage

Scipio Africanus finally defeated this great invading general of the Second Punic War.

Hannibal

This is the semi-mythological foundation date for the city of Rome.

753 BCE

Which of these is NOT one of the Five Good Emperors?

Augustus

One of the 5 Good Emperors

Hadrian

First Emperor of Rome

AUGUSTUS

Caput Mundi

ROME

He gained fame from the Gallic Wars

Caesar

Series of Emperors who ruled after Commodus

BARRACKS

One of the two cultures that influenced early Rome

Etruscans

Marc Antony's lover

Cleopatra

Mountain spine of the Italian Peninsula

APENNINES

Cincinnatus is held up as an ideal of this

Dictator

Deposed in 476 CE, he was the last Roman Emperor in the West.

Romulus Augustulus

Common people of Rome

Plebeians

Constantinople was built on top of what small town?

Byzantium

He built the church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople.

Justinian I

These were the first Germanic invaders to sack the city of Rome.

Visigoths

He was crown as (Holy) Roman Emperor on Christmas Day, 800 CE.

Charlemagne

The Tetrarchy was established by this emperor

Diocletian

Which of these is NOT a factor in the fall of the Roman Empire?

Economy

The division of Charlemagne's empire between his three grandsons was completed by this Treaty.

Verdun

The period of crisis characterizing the reign of the Barracks Emperors is called the Bread and Riots.

False

Built a new capital for the Roman Empire in the east

Constantine

Makes Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire

Theodosius

Builder of Hagia Sophia

Justinian

Crowned emperor of Christmas Day 800 by the pope

Charlemagne

Division of shared power under Diocletian

Tetrarchy

One of the inventions of the 2nd Agricultural Revolution

Horseshoe

Lord's portion of the land on a manor

Demesne

Crusade to force the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula

Reconquista

King of the Visigoths

Alaric

Deposed Romulus Augustulus

Odoacer

This term, meaning "a world-wide" council of the Church, required the 5 Patriarchs attendance.

Ecumenical

During this event, the Holy Spirit gave the followers of Jesus the strength & ability to preach

Pentecost

This is the name given to the controversy concerning bread which split the Christian Church in 1054.

Azyma

Difficulties between the Pope and Patriarch widened over this "clarification" inserted in the Creed.

Filioque

This is the belief that Jesus was a semi-divine subordinate of God.

Arianism

The document Luther posted on the door of the church in Wittenberg.

95 Theses

Apostolic Supremacy is based on the doctrine that popes are the direct successors of this Apostle.

Peter

Which of these was not part of Luther's theological system?

Sola Pontifica

This council of the Church defined the Holy Trinity for Christianity.

Niceae

His theological beliefs included Predestination.

Calvin

The Council of Jerusalem said this was not required of males

Circumcision

Romans accused Christians of this crime

Cannibalism

Creator of Sola Fide theology

Luther

The belief the Elect have already been chosen for Heaven

Predestination

“And the Son”

Filioque

Zoroastrianism's sacred text

Avesta

“Without Breathe” or bread without yeast

Azyma

Heresey claiming Jesus is a demigod

Arianism

Founder of Zoroastrianism

Zarathustra

Where the Popes lived during the Babylonian Captivity

Avignon

This is Mohammed's "flight" from Mecca to Medina.

Hijra

Pilgrims flock to Mecca to pray before this holy object.

Ka'aba

This 5th pillar of Islam should be completed at least once in a lifetime if possible.

Hajj

This is the internal "struggle" which leads to the surrender of mind and body to God.

Jihad

These Muslims believe the head of the Islamic community must be of the family of the Prophet

Shia

This is the capital of the Abbasids.

Baghdad

This is a new title created by the Seljuk Turks meaning "He with Authority."

Sultan

Which of these is NOT a holy city for Islam?

Damascus

Which of these terms does NOT specifically refer to something concerning Islam?

Arab

This is a non-Muslim who is NOT a Person-of-the-Book.

Kafir

translates as "He/She has Surrendered"

Muslim

The Recitation of messages from God by Muhammad

Quran

Birthplace of Muhammad

Mecca

Pilgrimage

Hajj

Year one of the Muslim calendar begins with this flight

hijra

Location of the Dome of the Rock

Jerusalem

First Pillar of Islam, the Statement of Faith

Shahada

Islamic Holy Law

Shariah

Abbasid Capital

Baghdad

Sayings of Muhammad

Hadith