Human Body & Diseases

anatomy (noun; /əˈnæt.ə.mi/)

giải phẫu học
the study of the structure of the body or its parts
She is taking a course in human anatomy at medical school.

organ (noun; /ˈɔːr.ɡən/)

cơ quan (trong cơ thể)
a part of the body with a specific function, such as the heart or liver
The heart is a vital organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

artery (noun; /ˈɑːr.t̬ər.i/)

động mạch
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
A blockage in the coronary artery can lead to a heart attack.

Adam's apple (noun; /ˌædəmz ˈæp.əl/)

yết hầu
the lump at the front of the neck formed by the thyroid cartilage
His Adam’s apple became more prominent as he spoke.

blood vessel (noun; /ˈblʌd ˌves.əl/)

mạch máu
a tube through which blood circulates in the body
The surgeon repaired the damaged blood vessel in the patient’s leg.

cell (noun; /sel/)

tế bào
the smallest structural unit of living organisms
White blood cells help the body fight infections.

heartbeat (noun; /ˈhɑːrt.biːt/)

nhịp tim
the regular movement or sound of the heart as it pumps blood
Her heartbeat quickened when she heard the news.

scalp (noun; /skælp/)

da đầu
the skin covering the top of the head
He massaged shampoo into his scalp.

collarbone (noun; /ˈkɒl.ə.boʊn/)

xương đòn
the long bone connecting the shoulder to the breastbone
She broke her collarbone in a cycling accident.

breast (noun; /brest/)

ngực
the front part of a person’s chest, especially in women
She felt a pain in her left breast and went to the doctor.

abdomen (noun; /ˈæb.də.mən/)

bụng
the part of the body containing the stomach and other digestive organs
He complained of severe pain in his abdomen.

digestive system (noun; /daɪˈdʒes.tɪv ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ tiêu hóa
the organs responsible for breaking down food and absorbing nutrients
A healthy diet is important for maintaining a strong digestive system.

immune system (noun; /ɪˈmjuːn ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ miễn dịch
the system that protects the body from disease and infection
Lack of sleep can weaken your immune system.

belly (noun; /ˈbel.i/)

bụng
the front part of the body below the chest
The cat rolled over, exposing its belly.

belly button (noun; /ˈbel.i ˌbʌt.ən/)

rốn
the small, round scar on the abdomen where the umbilical cord was attached
The baby’s belly button had almost healed.

intestine (noun; /ɪnˈtes.tɪn/)

ruột
a long tube in the body that helps digest and absorb food
The small intestine absorbs most of the nutrients from food.

gallbladder (noun; /ˈɡɔːlˌblæd.ər/)

túi mật
a small organ under the liver that stores bile
She had her gallbladder removed due to gallstones.

bladder (noun; /ˈblæd.ər/)

bàng quang
the organ that stores urine before it is excreted
He felt pain in his bladder and went for a check-up.

buttock (noun; /ˈbʌt.ək/)

mông
either of the two rounded parts at the back of the hips
He slipped and landed on his right buttock.

spine (noun; /spaɪn/)

cột sống
the series of bones that runs down the back and protects the spinal cord
She injured her spine in a car accident.

calf (noun; /kæf/)

bắp chân
the back part of the lower leg between the knee and ankle
He felt a cramp in his left calf while running.

shin (noun; /ʃɪn/)

ống chân
the front part of the lower leg below the knee
He bruised his shin when he bumped into the table.

pinky (noun; /ˈpɪŋ.ki/)

ngón út
the smallest finger on the hand
She wore a silver ring on her pinky.

big toe (noun; /ˌbɪɡ ˈtoʊ/)

ngón chân cái
the largest toe on the foot
He stubbed his big toe on the edge of the bed.

eyelid (noun; /ˈaɪ.lɪd/)

mí mắt
the skin that covers and protects the eye
Her eyelids grew heavy as she started to fall asleep.

jaw (noun; /dʒɔː/)

hàm
the lower part of the face that moves when you open and close your mouth
He clenched his jaw in anger.

vein (noun; /veɪn/)

tĩnh mạch
a blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart
The nurse found a vein to insert the IV.

nostril (noun; /ˈnɒs.trəl/)

lỗ mũi
one of the two openings of the nose
Cold air rushed through his nostrils as he breathed in.

eyebrow (noun; /ˈaɪ.braʊ/)

lông mày
the line of hair above the eye
She raised her eyebrows in surprise.

kidney stone (noun; /ˈkɪd.ni stoʊn/)

sỏi thận
a hard mass formed in the kidneys from minerals in the urine
He was hospitalized due to severe pain from a kidney stone.

circulatory system (noun; /ˈsɜːr.kjə.lə.tɔːr.i ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ tuần hoàn
the system that moves blood through the body
Regular exercise helps keep the circulatory system healthy.

respiratory system (noun; /ˈres.pə.rə.tɔːr.i ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ hô hấp
the organs responsible for breathing
Smoking damages the respiratory system over time.

skeletal system (noun; /ˈskel.ə.t̬əl ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ xương
the framework of bones supporting the body
Calcium is essential for a strong skeletal system.

muscular system (noun; /ˈmʌs.kjə.lər ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ cơ
the muscles that enable movement of the body
He trained to strengthen his muscular system for sports performance.

nervous system (noun; /ˈnɜː.vəs ˌsɪs.təm/)

hệ thần kinh
the network of nerves transmitting signals between body and brain
Stress can negatively affect the nervous system.

ligament (noun; /ˈlɪɡ.ə.mənt/)

dây chằng
a strong band of tissue connecting bones
She tore a ligament in her knee while skiing.

tendon (noun; /ˈten.dən/)

gân
a cord connecting muscle to bone
Achilles tendon injuries are common in athletes.

cartilage (noun; /ˈkɑːr.təl.ɪdʒ/)

sụn
a firm, flexible tissue found in joints and other parts of the body
The nose is partly made of cartilage.

diaphragm (noun; /ˈdaɪ.ə.fræm/)

cơ hoành
the muscle used in breathing, separating chest from abdomen
Singers train to control their diaphragm for better breath support.

bronchus (noun; /ˈbrɒŋ.kəs/)

phế quản
one of the main air passages to the lungs
The patient’s bronchus was inflamed due to infection.

esophagus (noun; /ɪˈsɒf.ə.ɡəs/)

thực quản
the tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach
Acid reflux can damage the lining of the esophagus.

pancreas (noun; /ˈpæŋ.kri.əs/)

tuyến tụy
a gland that produces digestive enzymes and insulin
Diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin.

thyroid gland (noun; /ˈθaɪ.rɔɪd ɡlænd/)

tuyến giáp
a gland in the neck controlling metabolism
An overactive thyroid gland can cause weight loss.

appendix (noun; /əˈpen.dɪks/)

ruột thừa
a small pouch connected to the large intestine
He had to have his appendix removed after it became inflamed.

arthritis (noun; /ɑːrˈθraɪ.tɪs/)

viêm khớp
a condition causing painful inflammation of the joints
Her grandmother suffers from arthritis in her hands.

asthma (noun; /ˈæz.mə/)

hen suyễn
a condition that makes it hard to breathe due to inflamed airways
She uses an inhaler to manage her asthma.

pneumonia (noun; /nuːˈmoʊ.njə/)

viêm phổi
a serious infection of the lungs
He was hospitalized with severe pneumonia.

hepatitis (noun; /ˌhep.əˈtaɪ.tɪs/)

viêm gan
inflammation of the liver, often caused by viruses
Hepatitis B is preventable through vaccination.

tuberculosis (noun; /tjuːˌbɜːr.kjəˈloʊ.sɪs/)

bệnh lao
a bacterial infection affecting the lungs
Tuberculosis was once a leading cause of death worldwide.

stroke (noun; /stroʊk/)

đột quỵ
a sudden disruption of blood supply to the brain
Fast treatment is crucial when someone has a stroke.

tumor (noun; /ˈtuː.mɚ/)

khối u
an abnormal growth of tissue, which may be benign or malignant
The doctor found a benign tumor in his lung.

migraine (noun; /ˈmaɪ.ɡreɪn/)

chứng đau nửa đầu
a severe headache often accompanied by nausea and sensitivity to light
She had to lie in a dark room to relieve her migraine.

anemia (noun; /əˈniː.mi.ə/)

thiếu máu
a condition where there are not enough healthy red blood cells
Iron supplements can help treat anemia.

hypertension (noun; /ˌhaɪ.pɚˈten.ʃən/)

cao huyết áp
abnormally high blood pressure
Lifestyle changes can help lower hypertension.

jaundice (noun; /ˈdʒɔːn.dɪs/)

bệnh vàng da
a condition causing yellowing of the skin and eyes
Jaundice is often a sign of liver problems.

paralysis (noun; /pəˈræl.ə.sɪs/)

chứng liệt
loss of the ability to move part or all of the body
The accident left him with partial paralysis in his legs.