Chemistry

Term 3, 2026 (Year 10)

Hydrochloric Acid

HCl

Nitric Acid

HNO₃

Sulfuric Acid

H₂SO₄

Carbonic Acid

H₂CO₃

Acetic Acid

CH₃COOH

Phosphoric Acid

H₃PO₄

Ammonia

NH₃

Silver Ion

Ag⁺

Zinc Ion

Zn²⁺

Ammonium

NH₄⁺

Nitrate

NO₃^-

Acetate/Ethanoate

CH₃COO-

Carbonate

CO₃^2-

Sulfate

SO₄^2-

Properties of Acids

Corrosive, conduct electricity, taste sour, turns blue (and red) litmus red, pH less than 7 (at 25 degrees celcius)

Properties of Bases

Corrosive, Conducts electricity, tastes bitter, turns red (and blue) litmus blue, pH larger than 7 (at 25 degrees celcius)

What do acids produce?

Acids produce hydrogen ions in a solution.

What do bases produce?

(many) bases contain hydroxide ions OR can react with water to form hydroxide.

Properties of Salts

Conduct electricity, and pH of approximately 7 (at 25 degrees celcius)

Acid + Metal Hydroxide (or oxide) =

Salt + Water

Acid + Metal Carbonate (or metal hydrogen carbonate) =

Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

Acid + Reactive Metal =

Salt + Hydrogen Gas

What do reactive metals include?

All Group 1 or 2 metals, Zinc, Lead, Aluminum, Iron, Nickel)