7.2 personality disorders

4 defining features of personality disorder

distorted thinking patterns, problematic emotional responses, problems with impulse control, interpersonal problems

10 personality disorders arranged in 3 clusters

ones in clusters often comorbid on another

Cluster a

thought to involve odd or eccentric personality disorders. Social awkwardness/ withdrawal, disordered thinking, inflexible and persistent and cause functional impairment or distress

Cluster a disorders

paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder

Schizotypal personality

social and interpersonal defecits, discomfort with close relationships, cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentric behavior. Magical thinking (that think they can read others minds) suspiciousness, odd speech, stiff interactions, unusual perceptual experience

Schizoid personality

social detachment and restricted range of emotional expression, difficult to distinguish this disorder from mild autism, traits are inflexible, maladaptive, causes significant

Paranoid personality disorder

pervasive distrust suspiciousness of others, preoccupied with doubts of others, reads hidden meanings into innocent remarks, bears grudges, recurrent suspicious of spouse fidelity,

Cluster b

dramatic, emotional, or erratic behaviors. Problems with impulse control, emotional regulation

Cluster b disorders

antisocial personality, borderline personality, histrionic personality, narcissistic personality

Narcissistic personality disorder

pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, lack of empathy. grandiuose sense of ones own importance preoccupation with fantasies of success, belief that ones special and should only associate with other special people, loves admiration, lack of empathy, sense of entitlement. Boastful, underestimate others contributions. Self

Histrionic personality

excessive emotionality and attention seek, being uncomfortable when someone else is the center of attention, sexually provocative behavior, rapid shifting emotions, being dramatic and theatrical, insist on immediate gratification, may grow bored with routine and constantly seek new interests and experiences

Borderline personality

unstable and intense emotions, impulsivity, instability in ones relationship and self image. Live on all or nothing terms, judgements are usually black or white either/or suicidal behavior is common, 8

Antisocial personality disorder

pervasive pattern of disregard for others, actions violating rights go others. Psychopathy or sociopathy. Refers to individuals as psychopaths in DSM but assessed using personality test. Failure to comply with laws, routine deceitfulness, impulsivity, aggressiveness, disregard for safety for oneself and others, lack of remorse, behaviors occur in childhood and individuals can be diagnosed with conduct disorder. May display superficial charm

Cluster c

anxious and fearful features

Cluster c disorders

avoidant personality, dependent personality, obsessive compulsive personality

Obsessive compulsive personality

orderliness, perfectionism and control. Symptoms include preoccupation with rules or schedules to the point that the purpose of task is lost, perfectionism that interferes with completing task, moral rigidity, inability to discard worthless objects and regality. Poor time management, and procrastination. Lost in detail very self critical.

Ocpd vs ocd

ocd is anxiety disorder can fluctuate based on level of anxiousness and ocpd is need for perfection nd orderliness will tend to remain consistent across time

Dependent personality

strong need to be taken care of other people and clinging behavior , difficulty making decisions without excessive amount of advice from others, needing others to assumer responsibilities over most areas of their life, feeling helpless when alone, great trouble disagreeing with other people

Avoidant personality

pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, hypersensitivity to negative evaluations. Limited social circle