EMT common medications (chp 12)

Aspirin

• Dose: 2-4 chewable baby tablets or 160mg-325mg

• Indication: chest pain of cardiac origin

• Contraindications: hypersensitivity; recent bleeding; pre-existing liver damage; bleeding disorders; pediatrics; and asthma

Nitroglycerin

• Dose: 0.3-0.4mg SL tablet; 0.4mg SL spray

• Indication: chest pain of cardiac origin

• Contraindications: hypotension (systolic <100); use of sexual enhancing drugs or other "fils" in the previous 24 hours; head
trauma

EpiPen

• Dose: 0.3mg adults; 0.15mg peds

• Indication: anaphylactic reaction with hypotension and/or respiratory distress

• Contraindications: chest pain of cardiac origin/history of heart problems; hypothermia; hypertension

Naloxone

• Dose: 2mg IN (1mg per nostril) or 2mg IM

• Indication: opioid overdose

• Contraindication: hypersensitivity

Glucose

• Dose: half a tube to a tube (15g)

• Indication: hypoglycemia

• Contraindications: nausea, vomiting

Ipratropium, albuterol (MDI)

• Dose: 1-2 inhalations

• Indication: difficulty breathing with wheezing

• Contraindication: hypersensitivity; tachycardia; chest pain of cardiac origin

Activated Charcoal

• Dose: 1g/kg

• Indication: poisoning via PO

• Contraindication: not effective for alkali poisons, cyanide, ethanol, iron, lithium, methanol, mineral acids, or organic solvents

• NOT for alkali, mineral acids, petroleum

CPAP

• Indications

1. Moderate to severe respiratory distress from a medical condition or after a submersion incident

2. Tachypnea

3. Pulse oximetry <90

Contraindications

1.    Hypoventilation

2.    Unable to follow commands or maintain airway

3.    Systolic bp <90

4.    Pneumothorax

5.    Chest or facial trauma

6.    Tracheostomy

7.    GI bleeding, nausea, or vomiting

8.    Cannot sit upright