cells-BIO

microtubules

Thick, hollow protein fibers that help with cell shape, movement, and chromosome movement.

MICRO-TUBULES = tubes

microfilaments

long solid rod fibers that help w cell contraction/cell division

microvilli

tiny finger like projections found on apical surface of certain cells

INCREASE SURFACE AREA

cilia

Microscopic, hair-like structures on cell surfaces that can move substances or act as sensors

CILIA = little hairs / MOVE STUFF

spindle fibers

Clusters of microtubules that help move chromosomes during cell division.

SPINDLE = separates chromosomes

cristae

Folds of the inner membrane of a mitochondrion.

CRISTAE = inner membrane folds

matrix

The fluid-filled interior compartment inside a mitochondrion.

MATRIX = mitochondrial inside

cisternae

Flattened membrane-bound sacs that make up the Golgi apparatus.

CISTERNAE = Golgi stacks

granules

Small particles/granules involved in storing or packaging cellular materials, such as secretory granules.

GRANULE = little grain/particle

vacuoles

Multipurpose membrane-bound storage sacs in cells.

VACUOLE = storage, waste, predator, reproduction, physical support

stroma

Fluid-filled compartment inside a chloroplast that contains some DNA.

STROMA = chloroplast fluid

thylakoids

interconnected, flattened sacs inside chloroplasts where light collection for photosynthesis occurs.

THYLAKOIDS = light

ECF

Extracellular Fluid: Watery fluid outside cells.

EXTRA = outside

ISF

Interstitial Fluid: Watery fluid surrounding cells in tissues.

INTER = between

fluid mosaic

plasma membrane model describing a flexible membrane made of a phospholipid bilayer with proteins moving within it.

FLUID = moves | MOSAIC = many pieces

turgor pressure

Pressure of water inside a plant cell pushing against the cell wall.

TURGID = firm plant cell 🌱

hydrostatic pressure

Pressure exerted by a fluid against a surface.

HYDRO = water/fluid | STATIC = pressure

electrochemical gradient

difference in electrical charge and chemical concentration across a membrane.

ELECTRO = charge + CHEMICAL = concentration

5 statements of cell theory

1.Cells are the smallest units of life that perform vital physiological functions.

2. Cells are the building blocks of all multicellular living things.

3. All cells come from the division of preexisting cells.

4. All cells are built from the same molecular components and have essentially the same chemical/molecular composition.

5. Each cell maintains homeostasis at the cellular level.

**S → B → P → S → H

Smallest
Building blocks
Preexisting cells
Same components
Homeostasis

8 structures of prokaryote cell

1. plasma membrane: DNA, ribosomes, cytoplasm

2. cytoplasm: jelly like fluid inside cell

3. DNA: circular loops w genetic info

4. Ribosomes: genetic info into protein synthesis

5. Cell Wall: protects/gives cell shape

6. Capsule: protective outer coating

7. Pili: hair like that help cell attach to other surfaces

8. Flagellum: whip like that help cellular movement

chloroplast

Site of photosynthesis; converts light energy into chemical energy.

CHLOROPLAST = photosynthesis 🌱☀