Biology; Unit 8: Mitosis + Cytokinesis

What are the 2 stages of cell cycle

1. Interphase

2. Mitotic

What are 2 parts of mitotic phase

1. Mitosis

2. Cytokinesis

True or False: Cytokinesis is part of mitosis

False --> Cytokinesis is SEPARATE PART of mitosis (but part of mitotic phase)

Mitosis

1. cell division that results in 2 daughter cells

2. each w/ same numer of chromosomes as original cell

What are the 5 phases of mitosis

1. Prophase

2. Prometaphas

3. Metaphase

4. Anaphase

5. Telaphase

Prophase (Hint 5 things)

1. Chromatin --> condenses into visible chromosomes

2. Chromosomes = consist of 2 sister chromatids connected at centromere

3. nuclear membrane --> break down

4. centrioles --> move to opposite sides of cell

5. spindle fibers --> start forming

Prometaphase (Hint 3 things)

1. nuclear membrane --> fully breaks down

2. spindle fibers = attach to centromeres of chromosomes

3. chromosomes --> start moving toward center of cell

True or False: Propmetaphase connects prophase to metaphase

True --> prometaphse transitions from one to the other

Metaphase (Hint 2 things)

1. Chromosomes line up along middle of cell (metaphase plate)

2. Spindle fibers attach to centomeres of each chromosomes

True or False: Alignment helps ensure new cell gets identical chromosomes

True

Anaphase (Hint 3 things)

1. sister chromarids --> separate from each other

2. spindle fibers --> pull chromatids to opposite sides of cell

3. cell starts to stretch out (oval/elongates)

True or False: Once cell separates chromotids become individual chromosomes

True -->

Why does cell being stretched out (oval/elogated) help w/ divison

makes distance to cut smaller

Telaphase (Hint 5 things)

1. chromosomes reach opposite side of cell

2. nuclear membranes start form around each set of chromosomes

3. chromosomes --> uncoil back into chromatins

4. spindle fibers disappear

5. 2 nuclei = now visible

True or Flase: Telaphase is last phase of mitosis

True --> then cytokinesis begins (DIFFERENT STEP)

True or False: Prophase and telaphase are the same

False --> Telaphase undoes what prophase did (RESETS EVERYTHING BACK TO NORMAL)

Cytokinesis (Hint 2 things)

1. division of the cytoplasm

2. forming 2 daughter cells

What is the purpose of mitosis

make 2 genetically identical daughter cells (single parent)

During mitosis is the starting cell haploid or diploid

Haploid

After mitosis is the end cell hapliod or diploid

Diploid

Where does mitosis occur

somatic/body cells

What is mitosis used for

1. growth

2. repair

What does mitosis make

2 identical DIPLIOD cells

True or False: During mitosis chromosome numbers are cut in half

False --> chromosome numbers stay the same

True or False: Genetic variation forms after mitosis

False --> mitosis makes 2 IDENTICAL CELLS